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First published online February 16, 2007; 10.1104/pp.106.093989 Plant Physiology 143:1881-1893 (2007) © 2007 American Society of Plant Biologists OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE
Functional Genomic Analysis Supports Conservation of Function Among Cellulose Synthase-Like A Gene Family Members and Suggests Diverse Roles of Mannans in Plants1,[W],[OA]Biology Department, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, Michigan 48197 (A.H.L.); Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory, Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 (K.K.); Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602 (C.J.N.); Department of Plant Physiology, University of Copenhagen, DK–1353 Copenhagen, Denmark (W.G.T.W., I.S.); and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881–0816 (A.W.R.)
Mannan polysaccharides are widespread among plants, where they serve as structural elements in cell walls, as carbohydrate reserves, and potentially perform other important functions. Previous work has demonstrated that members of the cellulose synthase-like A (CslA) family of glycosyltransferases from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), guar (Cyamopsis tetragonolobus), and Populus trichocarpa catalyze
1 This work was supported by the Energy Biosciences Program at the U.S. Department of Energy (to K.K.), by the Plant Genome Research Program at the National Science Foundation, and by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service and the Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources (to C.J.N.). The authors responsible for distribution of materials integral to the findings presented in this article in accordance with the policy described in the Instructions for Authors (www.plantphysiol.org) are: Aaron H. Liepman (aliepman{at}emich.edu) and Kenneth Keegstra (keegstra{at}msu.edu). [W] The online version of this article contains Web-only data. [OA] Open Access articles can be viewed online without a subscription. www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.106.093989 * Corresponding author; e-mail aliepman{at}emich.edu; fax 734–487–9235. Received November 30, 2006; accepted February 3, 2007; published February 16, 2007. This article has been cited by other articles:
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-1,4-mannan and glucomannan synthase reactions in vitro. Mannan polysaccharides and homologs of CslA genes appear to be present in all lineages of land plants analyzed to date. In many plants, the CslA genes are members of extended multigene families; however, it is not known whether all CslA proteins are glucomannan synthases. CslA proteins from diverse land plant species, including representatives of the mono- and dicotyledonous angiosperms, gymnosperms, and bryophytes, were produced in insect cells, and each CslA protein catalyzed mannan and glucomannan synthase reactions in vitro. Microarray mining and quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated that transcripts of Arabidopsis and loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) CslA genes display tissue-specific expression patterns in vegetative and floral tissues. Glycan microarray analysis of Arabidopsis indicated that mannans are present throughout the plant and are especially abundant in flowers, siliques, and stems. Mannans are also present in chloronemal and caulonemal filaments of Physcomitrella patens, where they are prevalent at cell junctions and in buds. Taken together, these results demonstrate that members of the CslA gene family from diverse plant species encode glucomannan synthases and support the hypothesis that mannans function in metabolic networks devoted to other cellular processes in addition to cell wall structure and carbohydrate storage. 
