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BIOCHEMICAL PROCESSES AND MACROMOLECULAR STRUCTURES

Deficiency in Phosphatidylserine Decarboxylase Activity in the psd1 psd2 psd3 Triple Mutant of Arabidopsis Affects Phosphatidylethanolamine Accumulation in Mitochondria^1,[OA]

Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Department of Molecular Physiology, 14476 Potsdam, Germany (A.N., P.D.); Institute of Plant Physiology, Free University of Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany (M.v.O.); Librophyt, Centre de Cadarache, 13115 St. Paul-Lez-Durance, France (D.R.); and Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611–0690 (A.D.H.)

Phosphatidylserine (PS) decarboxylase is involved in the synthesis of the abundant phospholipid phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), particularly in mitochondria, in many organisms, including yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and animals. Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) contains three genes with sequence similarity to PS decarboxylases, and the respective gene products were functionally characterized after heterologous expression in yeast and Escherichia coli. While the PSD1 protein localizes to mitochondria, PSD2 and PSD3 are found in the endomembrane system. To study the role of PSD genes in plant phospholipid metabolism, Arabidopsis insertional mutants for psd1, psd2, and psd3 were obtained. The single mutants were decreased in PS decarboxylase activity to various extents, but mutant plants showed no obvious growth or morphological phenotype. A triple mutant, psd1 psd2 psd3, was generated that was totally devoid of PS decarboxylase activity. While the phospholipid composition in whole leaves was unchanged, the PE content in isolated mitochondria of psd1 psd2 psd3 was decreased. Therefore, the predominant proportion of PE in Arabidopsis is synthesized by alternative pathways, but a significant amount of mitochondrial PE is derived from the PS decarboxylase reaction. These results imply that, similar to yeast and animal cells, a specific phospholipid transfer from the endoplasmic reticulum to mitochondria exists in plants.

The author responsible for distribution of materials integral to the findings presented in this article in accordance with the policy described in the Instructions for Authors (www.plantphysiol.org) is: Peter Dörmann (doermann{at}mpimp-golm.mpg.de).

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www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.107.095414

^* Corresponding author; e-mail doermann{at}mpimp-golm.mpg.de; fax 49–331–567–8259.

Received January 3, 2007; accepted April 10, 2007; published April 20, 2007.

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