OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE

This Article Free via Open Access: OA OA Full Text Full Text (PDF) Supplemental Data OA All Versions of this Article: 146/1/200    most recent pp.107.108852v1 Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Web of Science (4) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Li, W. Articles by Gill, B. S. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Li, W. Articles by Gill, B. S. Agricola Articles by Li, W. Articles by Gill, B. S.

GENETICS, GENOMICS, AND MOLECULAR EVOLUTION

Recurrent Deletions of Puroindoline Genes at the Grain Hardness Locus in Four Independent Lineages of Polyploid Wheat^1,[W],[OA]

Wheat Genetic and Genomic Resources Center, Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506–5502

Polyploidy is known to induce numerous genetic and epigenetic changes but little is known about their physiological bases. In wheat, grain texture is mainly determined by the Hardness (Ha) locus consisting of genes Puroindoline a (Pina) and b (Pinb). These genes are conserved in diploid progenitors but were deleted from the A and B genomes of tetraploid Triticum turgidum (AB). We now report the recurrent deletions of Pina-Pinb in other lineages of polyploid wheat. We analyzed the Ha haplotype structure in 90 diploid and 300 polyploid accessions of Triticum and Aegilops spp. Pin genes were conserved in all diploid species and deletion haplotypes were detected in all polyploid Triticum and most of the polyploid Aegilops spp. Two Pina-Pinb deletion haplotypes were found in hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum; ABD). Pina and Pinb were eliminated from the G genome, but maintained in the A genome of tetraploid Triticum timopheevii (AG). Subsequently, Pina and Pinb were deleted from the A genome but retained in the A^m genome of hexaploid Triticum zhukovskyi (A^mAG). Comparison of deletion breakpoints demonstrated that the Pina-Pinb deletion occurred independently and recurrently in the four polyploid wheat species. The implications of Pina-Pinb deletions for polyploid-driven evolution of gene and genome and its possible physiological significance are discussed.

The author responsible for distribution of materials integral to the findings presented in this article in accordance with the policy described in the Instructions for Authors (www.plantphysiol.org) is: Bikram S. Gill (bsgill{at}ksu.edu).

^[W] The online version of this article contains Web-only data.

^[OA] Open Access articles can be viewed online without a subscription.

www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.107.108852

^* Corresponding author; e-mail wli{at}ksu.edu.

Received September 10, 2007; accepted November 2, 2007; published November 16, 2007.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				M. Charles, H. Tang, H. Belcram, A. Paterson, P. Gornicki, and B. Chalhoub Sixty Million Years in Evolution of Soft Grain Trait in Grasses: Emergence of the Softness Locus in the Common Ancestor of Pooideae and Ehrhartoideae, after their Divergence from Panicoideae Mol. Biol. Evol., July 1, 2009; 26(7): 1651 - 1661. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]