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BIOCHEMICAL PROCESSES AND MACROMOLECULAR STRUCTURES

The Role of Acetyl-Coenzyme A Synthetase in Arabidopsis^1,[OA]

Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50010

The acs1 knockout mutant that has a disruption in the plastidic acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) synthetase (ACS; At5g36880) gene was used to explore the role of this protein and plastidic acetate metabolism in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Disruption of the ACS gene decreased ACS activity by 90% and largely blocked the incorporation of exogenous ¹⁴C-acetate and ¹⁴C-ethanol into fatty acids. Whereas the disruption had no significant effect on the synthesis of bulk seed triacylglycerols, the acs1 plants were smaller and flowered later. This suggests that the pyruvate dehydrogenase bypass provided by the aerobic fermentation pathway that converts pyruvate to acetate and probably on to fatty acids is important to the plants during normal growth. The role of ACS in destroying fermentative intermediates is supported by the increased sensitivity of the acs1 mutant to exogenous acetate, ethanol, and acetaldehyde compared to wild-type plants. Whereas these observations suggest that flux through the aerobic fermentation pathway is important, the reason for this flux is unclear. Interestingly, acetate is able to support high rates of plant growth on medium and this growth is blocked in the acs1 mutant.

The author responsible for distribution of materials integral to the findings presented in this article in accordance with the policy described in the Instructions for Authors (www.plantphysiol.org) is: David J. Oliver (doliver{at}iastate.edu).

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www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.108.121269

^* Corresponding author; e-mail doliver{at}iastate.edu.

Received April 15, 2008; accepted June 10, 2008; published June 13, 2008.

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