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First published online December 3, 2008; 10.1104/pp.108.130716

Plant Physiology 149:905-915 (2009)
© 2009 American Society of Plant Biologists

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ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS AND ADAPTATION TO STRESS

Rice Aldehyde Dehydrogenase7 Is Needed for Seed Maturation and Viability1,[W],[OA]

Jun-Hye Shin, Sung-Ryul Kim and Gynheung An*

National Research Laboratory, Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, and Center for Functional Genomics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790–784, Republic of Korea

Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) catalyze the irreversible oxidation of a wide range of reactive aldehydes to their corresponding carboxylic acids. Although the proteins have been studied from various organisms and at different growth stages, their roles in seed development have not been well elucidated. We obtained T-DNA insertional mutants in OsALDH7, which is remarkably inducible by oxidative and abiotic stresses. Interestingly, endosperms from the osaldh7 null mutants accumulated brown pigments during desiccation and storage. Extracts from the mutant seeds showed a maximum absorbance peak at 360 nm, the wavelength that melanoidin absorbs. Under UV light, those extracts also exhibited much stronger fluorescence than the wild type, suggesting that the pigments are melanoidin. These pigments started to accumulate in the late seed developmental stage, the time when OsALDH7 expression began to increase significantly. Purified OsALDH7 protein showed enzyme activities to malondialdehyde, acetaldehyde, and glyceraldehyde. These results suggest that OsALDH7 is involved in removing various aldehydes formed by oxidative stress during seed desiccation. The mutant seeds were more sensitive to our accelerated aging treatment and accumulated more malondialdehyde than the wild type. These data imply that OsALDH7 plays an important role in maintaining seed viability by detoxifying the aldehydes generated by lipid peroxidation.

1 This work was supported in part by the Crop Functional Genomic Center, the 21st Century Frontier Program (grant no. CG1111), by the Biogreen 21 Program (grant no. 20070401–034–001–007–03–00), Rural Development Administration, by the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation through the National Research Laboratory Program funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology (grant no. M10600000270–06J0000–27010), and by the Korea Research Foundation Grant funded by the Korean Government (MOEHRD, Basic Research Promotion Fund; grant no. KRF–2007–341–C00028).

The author responsible for the distribution of materials integral to the findings presented in this article in accordance with the policy described in the Instructions for Authors (www.plantphysiol.org) is: Gynheung An (genean{at}postech.ac.kr).

[W] The online version of this article contains Web-only data.

[OA] Open access articles can be viewed online without a subscription.

www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.108.130716

* Corresponding author; e-mail genean{at}postech.ac.kr.

Received October 2, 2008; accepted November 22, 2008; published December 3, 2008.

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