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ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS AND ADAPTATION TO STRESS

Sucrose Control of Translation Mediated by an Upstream Open Reading Frame-Encoded Peptide^1,[W],[OA]

Molecular Plant Physiology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands; and Centre for BioSystems Genomics, 6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands

Regulation of gene expression through translational control is common in many organisms. The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) transcription factor bZIP11 is translational repressed in response to sucrose (Suc), resulting in Suc-regulated changes in amino acid metabolism. The 5' leader of the bZIP11 mRNA harbors several upstream open reading frames (uORFs), of which the second uORF is well conserved among bZIP11 homologous genes. The uORF2 element encodes a Suc control peptide (SC-peptide) of 28 residues that is sufficient for imposing Suc-induced repression of translation (SIRT) on a heterologous mRNA. Detailed analysis of the SC-peptide suggests that it functions as an attenuator peptide. Results suggest that the SC-peptide inhibits bZIP11 translation in response to high Suc levels by stalling the ribosome on the mRNA. The conserved noncanonical AUG contexts of bZIP11 uORFs allow inefficient translational initiation of the uORF, resulting in translation initiation of the scanning ribosome at the AUG codon of the bZIP11 main ORF. The results presented show that Suc-dependent signaling mediates differential translation of mRNAs containing SC-peptides encoding uORFs.

² Present address: Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.

³ Present address: Institute of Chemistry and Dynamics of the Geosphere: Phytosphere (ICG-III), Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany.

The author responsible for distribution of materials integral to the findings presented in this article in accordance with the policy described in the Instructions for Authors (www.plantphysiol.org) is: Johannes Hanson (s.j.hanson{at}uu.nl).

^[W] The online version of this article contains Web-only data.

^[OA] Open access articles can be viewed online without a subscription.

www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.109.136036

^* Corresponding author; e-mail s.j.hanson{at}uu.nl.

Received January 25, 2009; accepted April 26, 2009; published April 29, 2009.