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Temporal and Hormonal Control of -1,3-Glucanase in Phaseolus vulgaris L

¹ Plant Science Laboratories, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland 21701

The endo--1, 3-glucanase (-1, 3-glucan 3-glucanhydrolase, EC 3.2.1.6) extracted from Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Red Kidney had a pH optimum of 5 and a temperature optimum of 50 C. Excision of plant tissue resulted in an increase in -1, 3-glucanase activity after a 6-hour lag period. The increase could be prevented by indole-3-acetic acid, gibberellic acid, and cytokinins. Ethylene (half-maximal concentration = 0.1 microliter/liter) promoted the synthesis of -1, 3-glucanase, and 10% CO₂ overcame some of the ethylene effect. Cycloheximide prevented the induction of -1, 3-glucanase, but actinomycin D and chromomycin A₃ had only a partial effect.

The amount of callose in sieve tube cells correlated with levels of -1, 3-glucanase, suggesting that this enzyme played a role in the degradation of -1, 3-glucans.