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Dissociation of N₂ Gas-induced Monomeric Ribosomes and Functioning of the Derived Subunits in Protein Synthesis in Pea ¹

^a Department of Botany, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30601

The dissociation of N₂ gas-induced monomeric ribosomes from the pea root was studied by varying the concentration of KCl (or NH₄Cl) and MgCl₂ in the presence of dithiothreitol. These monoribosomes were shown to dissociate completely into subunits at 0.5M KCl or NH₄Cl in the presence of 5 mM MgCl₂. The 40S subunits were more susceptible to structural change in KCl than were the 60S subunits. On the other hand, the 60S subunits appeared to be more labile to NH₄Cl.

The activity of the subunits relative to aminoacyl-tRNA binding and peptide bond formation was investigated using subunits derived from 0.5 M KCl (or NH₄Cl) in the absence and presence of 5 mM MgCl₂. The 40S subunits were active in aminoacyl-tRNA binding only when dissociated in the presence of MgCl₂. The 40S and 60S subunits combined in the presence of poly U were active in incorporation of ¹⁴C-phenylalanine from ¹⁴C-phenylalanyl-tRNA only when dissociation was achieved in the presence of 5 mM MgCl₂. The KCl-dissociated subunits were much more active in protein synthesis than NH₄Cl-dissociated subunits.

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