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Effects of Helminthosporium carbonum Toxin on Absorption of Solutes by Corn Roots ^1,2

^a Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48823

Susceptible corn roots exposed to the host-selective toxin of Helminthosporium carbonum took up and retained more NO₃^–, Na⁺, Cl^–, 3-o-methylglucose, and leucine than did control roots. Stimulatory effects on uptake were more pronounced with freshly cut roots than with roots that were washed and aged. Solutes were accumulated against a concentration gradient, and toxin-treated tissues developed a steeper gradient than did control tissues. Toxin affected both the low and high affinity uptake systems for Na⁺ and Cl^–. Toxin did not affect uptake of Na₂^–, K⁺, Ca²⁺, phosphate ion (H₂PO₄^– and HPO₄^–), SO₄^–, and glutamic acid. No toxin-induced leakage of any solute tested was detected within 5 to 6 hr after initial exposure to toxin. The data suggest that toxin from H. carbonum does not cause the general plasma membrane derangement caused by other host-selective toxins. Instead, H. carbonum toxin may cause specific changes in characteristics of the plasmalemma, which result in increased uptake of certain solutes.

¹ Aided by National Science Foundation Grant GB-24962.

² Journal Article 6373, Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station.

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