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C₄ Photosynthesis in Tree Form Euphorbia Species from Hawaiian Rainforest Sites ¹

John Troughton^b,c

^a Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, New York 12222, Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Stanford, California 94305, ^c Physics and Engineering Laboratory, D.S.I.R., Private Bag, Lower Hutt, New Zealand

The ¹³C ¹²C isotope ratios and the leaf anatomy of 18 species and varieties of Euphorbia native to the Hawaian Islands indicated that all possess C₄ photosynthesis. These species range from small prostrate coastal strand shrubs to shrubs and trees in rainforest and bog habitats. The results show that C₄ photosynthesis occurs in plants from a much wider range of habitats and life-forms than has been previously reported.

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