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Cellulase Activity, Endogenous Abscisic Acid, and Ethylene in Four Citrus Cultivars during Maturation

Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Orlando, Florida 32803

At maturity, the fruit of two early maturing orange cultivars, Hamlin and Pineapple (Citrus sinensis [L.] Osbeck), contained more ethylene and abscisic acid than the late maturing Valencia and Lamb Summer (C. sinensis [L.] Osbeck) cultivars. Ethylene (up to 95 nl/l in internal atmosphere) and abscisic (50 µg/kg dry weight flavedo) increased most rapidly in Pineapple, leading to increased cellulase activity and loosening of the fruit. Fruit of the two late maturing cultivars contained less than 25 nl/1 ethylene and 40 µg abscisic acid/kg dry weight of flavedo at peak maturity. Cellulase activity and loosening of the fruit of these late maturing cultivars was slight.