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In Vivo Synthesis of Crown Gall-specific Agrobacterium tumefaciens-directed Derivatives of Basic Amino Acids ¹

Plant Disease Resistance Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, and Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706

Several kinds of primary sunflower (Helianthus annuus) crown gall tissues were established in tissue culture and then labeled in vivo with either [¹⁴C]arginine, [¹⁴C]histidine, [³H]lysine, or [³H]ornithine. Crown gall tissues incited by Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains that utilize octopine as a sole source of carbon or nitrogen for growth synthesized the four members of the N²-(1-carboxyethyl)-amino acid family: octopine, histopine, lysopine, and octopinic acid. Those tissues incited by A. tumefaciens strains that utilize nopaline synthesized nopaline and two new compounds, a lysine and an ornithine derivative (ornaline). A normal tissue culture, a habituated tissue culture, and a crown gall culture from a strain of the bacteria unable to utilize either octopine or nopaline did not synthesize any of the amino acid derivatives. We could not detect any other crown gall-specific derivatives of the four basic amino acids.