Plant Physiology 66:1155-1163 (1980)
© 1980 American Society of Plant Biologists
Articles
Water-relation Parameters of Individual Mesophyll Cells of the Crassulacean Acid Metabolism Plant Kalanchoë daigremontiana1
Ernst Steudle
J. Andrew C. Smith and
Ulrich Lüttge
Arbeitsgruppe Membranforschung am Institut für Medizin, Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, Postfach 1913, D-5170 Jülich, Federal Republic of Germany,
Institut für Botanik, Technische Hochschule Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstraße 3-5, D-6100 Darmstadt, Federal Republic of Germany
Water-relation parameters of leaf mesophyll cells of the CAM plant Kalanchoë daigremontiana have been determined directly in cells of tissue slices using the pressure-probe technique. Turgor pressures measured in cells of the second to fourth layer from the cut surface showed an average of 1.82 ± 0.62 bar (mean ± SD; n = 157 cells). This was lower than expected from measurements of the osmotic pressure of the cell sap. The half-time (T1/2) for water-flux equilibration of individual cells was 2.5 to 8.8 seconds. This is the fastest T1/2 found so far for higher-plant cells. The calculated values of the hydraulic conductivity were in the range of 0.20 to 1.6 x 10–5 centimeters second–1 bar–1, with an average of (0.69 ± 0.46) x 10–5 centimeters second–1 bar–1 (mean ± SD; n = 8 cells). The T1/2 values of water exchange of individual cells are consistent with the overall rates of water-flux equilibration measured for tissue slices.
The volumetric elastic moduli ( ) of individual cells were in the range 13 to 128 bar for turgor pressures between 0.0 and 3.4 bar; the average value was 42.4 ± 27.7 bar (mean ± SD; n = 21 cells). This value is similar to that observed for other higher-plant cells.
The water-storage capacity of individual cells, calculated as Cc = V/( +  i) (where V = cell volume and i = internal osmotic pressure) was 9.1 x 10–9 cubic centimeters bar–1 per cell, and the capacity for the tissue was 2.2 x 10–2 cubic centimeters bar–1 gram–1 fresh weight. The significance of the water-relation parameters determined at the cellular level is discussed in terms of the water relations of whole leaves and the high water-use efficiency characteristic of CAM plants.
1 This work was supported by Grants Zi 99/7, Lu 84/17 and Lu 84/21 from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and by a research fellowship (to J. A. C. S.) from the Royal Society, United Kingdom.
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