Plant Physiol. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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Plant Physiology 68:401-406 (1981)
© 1981 American Society of Plant Biologists

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Physiological Control of Chloride Transport in Chara corallina1

II. THE ROLE OF CHLORIDE AS A VACUOLAR OSMOTICUM

Dale Sanders2

Botany School, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, England

The extent to which Cl– is replaceable as the major anionic constituent of the vacuole of Chara corallina was investigated. It was found that external Cl– is not essential in order for nongrowing cells to increase internal osmotic pressure. After growth of cells in low (9 micromolar) Cl–, the vacuolar Cl– concentration is one-half that of cells grown at normal external Cl– concentration (850 micromolar). In contrast, both internal osmotic pressure and total concentration of the major cations, K+ and Na+, in the same cells were found to be only slightly sensitive to the external Cl– concentration. Thus, it is proposed that, at limiting external Cl– concentration, the cell is able to transport or synthesize another anion for vacuolar use rather than utilize a neutral solute.

Although the total vacuolar (K+ + Na+) concentration is relatively insensitive to low Cl– conditions, a large increase in K+ was recorded. This increase in K+ was offset by a correspondingly large fall in Na+. This is unrelated to any mechanistic dependence of Na+ on Cl– for entry into the cell but may indicate a control system acting on vacuolar sequestration of both Na+ and Cl–. Cells grown in low Cl– display an ability to take up Cl–, at enhanced rates, from the medium. The enhancement of Cl– influx is maintained for several hours after external Cl– is raised to a high level and indicates the existence of a control on Cl– influx acting in addition to that of cytoplasmic Cl– concentration, which has a shorter decay time.

The results are discussed in relation to similar work on higher plants.

2 Present address: Department of Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06510.

1 This work was supported by a research studentship from the Science Research Council, Great Britain.






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Copyright © 1981 by the American Society of Plant Biologists