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Chlorophyll a Fluorescence Transients in Mesophyll and Guard Cells ¹

MODULATION OF GUARD CELL PHOTOPHOSPHORYLATION BY CO₂

Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution, Stanford, California 94305, Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305

Chlorophyll fluorescence transients from mesophyll and guard cell chloroplasts of variegated leaves from Chlorophytum comosum were compared using high resolution fluorescence spectroscopy. Like their mesophyll counterparts, guard cell chloroplasts showed the OPS fluorescence transient indicating the operation of the linear electron transport and the possible generation of NADPH in these organelles. They also showed a slow fluorescence yield decrease, equivalent to the MT transition in mesophyll, suggesting the formation of the high energy state and photophosphorylation. Unlike the mesophyll chloroplasts, the fluorescence from guard cell chloroplasts lacked the increment of the SM transition, indicating that the two types of chloroplasts have some metabolic differences. The presence of CO₂ (supplied as bicarbonate, pH 6.7) specifically inhibited the MT-equivalent transition while its absence accelerated it. These observations constitute the first specific evidence of a guard cell chloroplast response to CO₂. Control of photosynthetic ATP levels in the guard cell cytoplasm by CO₂ may provide a mechanism regulating the availability of high energy equivalents at the guard cell plasmalemma, thus affecting stomatal opening.

¹ Supported by National Science Foundation Grant PCM 8012060 and Department of Energy Grant PR 03-81ER10924 to E. Z. This is Carnegie Institution of Washington-Department of Plant Biology Publication No. 756.

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