Plant Physiol. Drug Metab Dispos
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Plant Physiology 70:1597-1600 (1982)
© 1982 American Society of Plant Biologists

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Articles

Effects of Exogenous 1,3-Diaminopropane and Spermidine on Senescence of Oat Leaves 1

II. Inhibition of Ethylene Biosynthesis and Possible Mode of Action

Jürg Fuhrer2, Ravindar Kaur-Sawhney, Liu-Mei Shih3 and Arthur W. Galston

Department of Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511

The effects of the polyamines spermidine and 1,3-diaminopropane on ethylene biosynthesis and chlorophyll (Chl) loss were studied in peeled leaves of oat (Avena sativa L., var. Victory) incubated in the dark. Peeling off the epidermal cells induces an increase in 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase activity, resulting in an enhanced ACC and ethylene formation. Both polyamines inhibit ethylene biosynthesis from methionine by inhibiting ACC synthase activity and, more effectively, the conversion of ACC to ethylene. They also inhibit Chl loss occurring between 24 and 48 h of dark incubation; but, as shown by inhibitor experiments, inhibition of Chl loss does not result from inhibition of ethylene formation. Ethylene production and Chl loss, both associated with senescence, require membrane integrity; thus, treatments which promote deterioration of membranes inhibit both processes. Ca2+ in the incubation medium competitively reduces the polyamine-mediated inhibition of ACC conversion and Chl loss. The data suggest that polyamines initially attach to membranes, thereby inducing changes which, in turn, lead to inhibition of ethylene biosynthesis and retardation of senescence.

2 Present address: Institute of Plant Physiology, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, CH-3013 Bern, Switzerland.

3 Present address: Calgene Inc., Davis, CA 95616.

1 Supported in part by National Science Foundation and Binational Agricultural Research and Development (BARD) grants to A. W. G.






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Copyright © 1982 by the American Society of Plant Biologists