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Characterization of the -Amylases Synthesized by Aleurone Layers of Himalaya Barley in Response to Gibberellic Acid

Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Division of Plant Industry, Canberra 2601, Australia

The gibberellic acid (GA₃)-induced -amylases from the aleurone layers of Himalaya barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv Himalaya) have been purified by cycloheptaamylose-Sepharose affinity chromatography and fractionated by DEAE-cellulose chromatography. Four fractions (-amylases 1-4) were obtained which fell into two groups (A and B) on the basis of a number of characteristics. Major differences in serological characteristics and in proteolytic fingerprints were found between group A (-amylases 1 and 2) and group B (-amylases 3 and 4). Also, the lag time for appearance of group B enzyme activity was longer than for group A, and the appearance of group B required higher GA₃ levels than group A. The components of each group behaved similarly, although differences in proteolytic fingerprints were detected.

These results together with those from other studies indicate that GA₃ differentially controls the expression of two -amylase genes or groups of genes giving rise to two groups of -amylases with many different properties.

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