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Plant Physiology 73:662-665 (1983)
© 1983 American Society of Plant Biologists

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Articles

Photosynthetic Rate Control in Cotton 1

Photorespiration

Sidney W. Perry, Daniel R. Krieg and Robert B. Hutmacher

Plant and Soil Science Department, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Lubbock, Texas 79409

The purpose of this research was to determine the magnitude of photorespiration in field-grown cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) as a function of environmental and plant-related factors. Photorespiration rates were estimated as the difference between measured gross and net photosynthetic rates.

A linear increase in photorespiration was observed as air temperature increased from 22 to 40°C at saturating photon flux density. At 22°C, photorespiration was less than 15 per cent of net photosynthesis and very comparable to the dark respiration rate. At 40°C, photorespiration represented about 50 per cent of net photosynthesis. Gross photosynthesis had a temperature optimum of 32 to 34°C. Water stress, as indicated by {Psi}L, did not alter the ratio of gross photosynthesis to net photosynthesis when the confounding effects of leaf temperature differences were accounted for in the data analyses. A reduction in both gross and net photosynthesis was apparent as {Psi}L declined from –2.0 megapascals indicating direct effects of water stress on the photosynthetic process. Photorespiration expressed as a proportion of net photosynthesis increased as water stress intensified.

Cotton cultivars possessing a fruit load had significantly higher gross and net photosynthetic rates and lower photorespiration rates than did photoperiod-sensitive cotton strains without a fruit load. Within the fruiting types, which were genetically very similar, only minor differences were observed in the photorespiration:net photosynthesis ratios. However, in the photoperiod-sensitive strains, considerable genetic variability existed when photorespiration was expressed as a proportion of net photosynthesis. These results suggest that the kinetics of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase:oxygenase may be different and, thus, the possibility of genetically reducing photorespiration exists.

1 Supported by the Science and Education Administration of the United States Department of Agriculture under Grant 5901-0410-8-0095-0 from the Competitive Research Grants Office and the Water Resources Center, Texas Tech University.




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W. T. Pettigrew
The Effect of Higher Temperatures on Cotton Lint Yield Production and Fiber Quality
Crop Sci., January 16, 2008; 48(1): 278 - 285.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Copyright © 1983 by the American Society of Plant Biologists