Plant Physiol. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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Plant Physiology 76:170-174 (1984)
© 1984 American Society of Plant Biologists

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Synthesis of L-(+)-Tartaric Acid from L-Ascorbic Acid via 5-Keto-D-Gluconic Acid in Grapes

Kazumi Saito and Zenzaburo Kasai

The Radioisotope Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606, Japan, The Research Institute for Food Science, Kyoto University, Uji 611, Japan

5-Keto-L-idionic acid ({equiv}5-keto-D-gluconic acid, D-xylo-5-hexulosonic acid) was found as a metabolic product of L-ascorbic acid in slices of immature grapes, Vitis labrusca L. cv `Delaware'. Specifically labeled compounds, recognized as metabolic products of L-ascorbic acid in grapes, were fed to young grape tissues to investigate the metabolic pathway from L-ascorbic acid to L-(+)-tartaric acid.

Label from dehydro-L-[1-14C]ascorbic acid, 2-keto-L-[1-14C]idonic acid (L-xylo-2-hexulosonic acid), L-[1-14C]idonic acid, or 5-keto-L-[1-14C] idonic acid was incorporated into L-(+)-tartaric acid in high yields as it was in the L-[1-14C]ascorbic acid experiment. In a double label experiment involving a mixture of L-[1-14C]idonic acid and L-[2-3H]idonic acid, the 3H/14C ratios of 5-keto-L-idonic acid and L-(+)-tartaric acid synthesized in young grape leaves were almost the same as the value of the L-idonic acid fed. Label from 5-keto-L-[6-14C]idonic acid was incorporated into sugars and insoluble residue in the same way as L-[6-14C]ascorbic acid was metabolized in grapes.

These results provide strong evidence that in grapes L-(+)-tartaric acid is synthesized from the C4 fragment that corresponds to the C1 to C4 group of the 5-keto-L-idonic acid derived from L-ascorbic acid via 2-keto-L-idonic acid and L-idonic acid.




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 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
S. DeBolt, D. R. Cook, and C. M. Ford
L-Tartaric acid synthesis from vitamin C in higher plants
PNAS, April 4, 2006; 103(14): 5608 - 5613.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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