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The Influence of Ammonium and Chloride on Potassium and Nitrate Absorption by Barley Roots Depends on Time of Exposure and Cultivar ¹

Department of Vegetable Crops, University of California, Davis, California 95616

Net uptakes of K⁺ and NO₃^– were monitored simultaneously and continuously for two barley (Hordeum vulgare) cultivars, Prato and Olli. The cultivars had similar rates of net K⁺ and NO₃^– uptake in the absence of NH₄⁺ or Cl^–. Long-term exposure (over 6 hours) to media which contained equimolar mixtures of NH₄⁺, K⁺, Cl^–, or NO₃^– affected the cultivars very differently: (a) the presence of NH₄⁺ as NH₄Cl stimulated net NO₃^– uptake in Prato barley but inhibited net NO₃^– uptake in Olli barley; (b) Cl^– inhibited net NO₃^– uptake in Prato but had little effect in Olli; and (c) NH₄⁺ as (NH₄)₂SO₄ inhibited net K⁺ uptake in Prato but had little effect in Olli. Moreover, the immediate response to the addition of an ion often varied significantly from the long-term response; for example, the addition of Cl^– initially inhibited net K⁺ uptake in Olli barley but, after a 4 hour exposure, it was stimulatory. For both cultivars, net NH₄⁺ and Cl^– uptake did not change significantly with time after these ions were added to the nutrient medium. These data indicate that, even within one species, there is a high degree of genotypic variation in the control of nutrient absorption.

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