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Plant Physiology 86:1-3 (1988)
© 1988 American Society of Plant Biologists

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Membranes and Bioenergetics

Structure, Function, and Evolution of Proton-ATPases

Nathan Nelson

Department of Biochemistry, Roche Institute of Molecular Biology, Roche Research Center, Nutley, New Jersey 07110

Proton-ATPases are among the most important primary ion pumps in nature. There are three classes of these enzymes which are distinguished by their structure, function, mechanism of action, and evolution. They function in ATP formation at the expense of a protonmotive force generated by oxidative and photosynthetic electron transports, maintaining a constant pH in the cytoplasm, and forming acidic spaces in special compartments inside and outside the cell. The three classes of proton-ATPases evolved in a way that prevents functional assembly in the wrong compartment. This was achieved by a triple genetic system located in the nucleus, mitochondria and chloroplast, as well as delicate control of the proton pumping activity of the enzymes.




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Copyright © 1988 by the American Society of Plant Biologists