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Metabolism and Enzymology

Cyclohexanedione Herbicides Are Selective and Potent Inhibitors of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase from Grasses

Chevron Chemical Company, P. O. Box 4010, Richmond, California 94804

Biochemical studies of plant species susceptible to the cyclohexanedione herbicides, alloxydim, sethoxydim, and clethodim, have demonstrated that these selective grass herbicides inhibit acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase, the second enzyme common to both fatty acid and flavonoid biosynthetic pathways. The K_is for the cyclohexanediones tested ranged from 0.02 to 1.95 micromolar, depending on the species. The enzyme isolated from broadleaf plants was much less sensitive to inhibition by these herbicides (K_is from 53 micromolar to 2.2 millimolar). These results may explain the mechanism of action of these herbicides and their selectivity for monocotyledonous species.