Plant Physiology 90:522-529 (1989)
© 1989 American Society of Plant Biologists
Metabolism and Enzymology
A Mutant of Arabidopsis Deficient in the Chloroplast 16:1/18:1 Desaturase 1
John Browse,
Ljerka Kunst,
Shawn Anderson,
Suzanne Hugly and
Chris Somerville
Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-6340,
DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
Leaf tissue of a mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana contains reduced levels of both 18-carbon and 16-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids and increased levels of the 18:1 and cis-16:1 precursors due to a single nuclear mutation at a locus designated fadC. Analysis of the fatty acid compositions of individual lipids and the kinetics of lipid labeling with [14C]acetate in vivo indicate that the mutant lacks activity of the chloroplast glycerolipid  -6 desaturase. As a result, lipids synthesized by the prokaryotic pathway are not desaturated further than 18:1 and 16:1. Lipids derived from the eukaryotic pathway are desaturated—presumably by the endoplasmic reticulum 18:1 phosphatidylcholine desaturase. However, an increase in the level of 18:1 on all the phospholipids derived from the eukaryotic pathway in leaves of the mutant suggests that the mutation does exert an effect on the composition of extrachloroplast membranes. Synthesis of monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGD) by the prokaryotic pathway is reduced 30 to 35% in the mutant and there is a corresponding increase in MGD synthesis by the eukaryotic pathway. This shift in metabolism which results in a more unsaturated MGD pool, may reflect the existence of a regulatory mechanism which apportions lipid synthesis between the two pathways in response to alterations in the physical properties of the chloroplast membranes.
1 Supported in part by grants from the McKnight Foundation and the U.S. Department of Energy (DE-AC02-76ERO1338) and the National Science Foundation (DCB-8803855).
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