Plant Physiol. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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Plant Physiology 90:943-947 (1989)
© 1989 American Society of Plant Biologists

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Metabolism and Enzymology

A Mutant of Arabidopsis Deficient in Desaturation of Palmitic Acid in Leaf Lipids 1

Ljerka Kunst, John Browse and Chris Somerville

MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-6340

The overall fatty acid composition of leaf lipids in a mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana was characterized by elevated amounts of palmitic acid and a decreased amount of unsaturated 16-carbon fatty acids as a consequence of a single nuclear mutation. Quantitative analysis of the fatty acid composition of individual lipids suggested that the mutant is deficient in the activity of a chloroplast {omega}9 fatty acid desaturase which normally introduces a double bond in 16-carbon acyl chains esterified to monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGD). The mutant exhibited an increased ratio of 18- to 16-carbon fatty acids in MGD due to a change in the relative contribution of the prokaryotic and eukaryotic pathways of lipid biosynthesis. This appears to be a regulated response to the loss of chloroplast {omega}9 desaturase and presumably reflects a requirement for polyunsaturated fatty acids for the normal assembly of chloroplast membranes. The reduction in mass of prokaryotic MGD species involved both a reduction in synthesis of MGD by the prokaryotic pathway and increased turnover of MGD molecular species which contain 16:0.

1 This work was supported in part by grants from the McKnight Foundation, E. I. DuPont de Nemours & Co., and the U.S. Department of Energy (ACO2-76ER01338).




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