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Environmental and Stress Physiology

Carbon Isotope Discrimination in Coffee Genotypes Grown under Limited Water Supply ¹

Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association, P. O. Box 1057, Aiea, Hawaii 96701, Laboratory of Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90024, U. S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service, Aiea. Hawaii 96701

Photosynthetic gas exchange, plant-water relations characteristics, and stable carbon isotope discrimination () were evaluated for five Coffea arabica L. genotypes growing under two soil moisture regimes in the field. The of leaf tissue was strongly correlated (r = –0.95) with inherent water use efficiency (ratio of assimilation to stomatal conductance; A/g). The variation in inherent water use efficiency (WUE) among genotypes was 30% for plants irrigated weekly. The higher WUE exhibited by some of these plants resulted from reduced g rather than increased photosynthetic capacity at a given g. Withholding irrigation for 1 month caused to decline substantially in expanding leaf tissue of all genotypes. A strong correlation (r = 0.92) was found between and plant hydraulic efficiency estimated as the ratio of g to the diurnal range in leaf water potential (_L). The values for plants irrigated weekly adequately predicted drought-induced changes in (r = 0.99) and midday _L (r = 0.95). The results indicated that might be used to evaluate several aspects of plant performance and response to specific environmental conditions, once suitable background physiological data have been gathered.

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