Plant Physiology 94:980-987 (1990)
© 1990 American Society of Plant Biologists
Cellular and Structural Biology
Adaptation and Growth of Tomato Cells on the Herbicide 2,6-Dichlorobenzonitrile Leads to Production of Unique Cell Walls Virtually Lacking a Cellulose-Xyloglucan Network 1
Esther Shedletzky,
Miri Shmuel,
Deborah P. Delmer and
Derek T. A. Lamport
Department of Botany, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel,
MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
Suspension-cultured cells of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum VF 36) have been adapted to growth on high concentrations of 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile, an herbicide which inhibits cellulose biosynthesis. The mechanism of adaptation appears to rest largely on the ability of these cells to divide and expand in the virtual absence of a cellulose-xyloglucan network. Walls of adapted cells growing on 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile also differ from nonadapted cells by having reduced levels of hydroxyproline in protein, both in bound and salt-elutable form, and in having a much higher proportion of homogalacturonan and rhamnogalacturonan-like polymers. Most of these latter polymers are apparently cross-linked in the wall via phenolic-ester and/or phenolic ether linkages, and these polymers appear to represent the major load-bearing network in these unusual cell walls. The surprising finding that plant cells can survive in the virtual absence of a major load-bearing network in their primary cell walls indicates that plants possess remarkable flexibility for tolerating changes in wall composition.
1 This work was supported by the United States-Israel Fund for Agricultural Research and Development (BARD), by contract DE-AC02-76ERO-1338 from the U.S. Department of Energy, and by the Ministry of Absorption, Israel.
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