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Environmental and Stress Physiology

Resistance to the Herbicide Paraquat and Increased Tolerance to Photoinhibition Are Not Correlated in Several Weed Species ¹

Department of Crop Protection, Waite Agricultural Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond South Australia 5064, Australia

Photoinhibition was examined in paraquat-resistant and paraquat-susceptible biotypes of Hordeum glaucum Steud., Hordeum leporinum Link., Arctotheca calendula (L.) Levyns., and Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronq. Plants were photoinhibited at low temperature, and the extent of photoinhibition determined by O₂ evolution and 77 K fluorescence. No difference in the degree of photoinhibition was detected between paraquat-resistant and paraquat-susceptible biotypes for any of the species examined. C. bonariensis plants were also photoinhibited by treatment without CO₂ at either 21% (volume/volume) O₂ or 4% (volume/volume) O₂, and again no difference was observed between the paraquat-resistant and paraquat-susceptible biotypes in reduction of the ratio of variable fluorescence to maximal fluorescence. This is in contrast to a recent report (MAK Jansen, Y Shaaltiel, D Kazzes, O Canaani, S Malkin, J Gressel, [1989] Plant Physiol 91: 1174-1178 in which it was claimed that a paraquat-resistant biotype of C. bonariensis was more tolerant of photoinhibition than a paraquat-susceptible biotype. We conclude that paraquat-resistant biotypes of these plant species are not more tolerant of photoinhibition when compared with the paraquat-susceptible biotypes.