Plant Physiology 98:108-113 (1992)
© 1992 American Society of Plant Biologists
Environmental and Stress Physiology
Solute Accumulation and Compartmentation during the Cold Acclimation of Puma Rye 1
Karen L. Koster2 and
Daniel V. Lynch3
Field of Botany, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853,
Department of Soil, Crop, and Atmospheric Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
During cold acclimation of Puma rye (Secale cereale L. cv Puma), the intracellular osmotic potential nearly doubles. During this period, the accumulation of glycinebetaine, proline, and soluble sugars was monitored. The amount of glycinebetaine increased from 290 to 1300 micrograms per gram fresh weight during the 4-week acclimation period. Proline content did not change during the first 3 weeks of acclimation but then increased from 27 to 580 micrograms per gram fresh weight during the next 3 weeks. The total soluble sugar content more than doubled by the second week of cold acclimation, increasing from 11 to 26 milligrams per gram fresh weight. Most of this increase can be attributed to the accumulation of sucrose and raffinose, whose levels increased from 2.4 and 0 to 11 and 5 milligrams per gram fresh weight, respectively. The content of monosaccharides, predominantly glucose, remained at a constant 10 milligrams per gram fresh weight throughout the acclimation period. A comparison of the sugar content of protoplasts versus vacuoles isolated from cold-acclimated leaves revealed that the extravacuolar volume contained monosaccharides, sucrose, and raffinose. Thus, the increased amounts of sucrose and raffinose that occur during cold acclimation are present in compartments external to the vacuole and may contribute to cryoprotection.
2 Present address: Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521.
3 Present address: Department of Biology, Williams College, Williamstown, MA 01267.
1 Supported, in part, by a grant from the U.S. Department of Energy (DE-FG02-84ER 13214) to P.L. Steponkus. K.L.K. was supported by a National Science Foundation Graduate Fellowship.
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