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Environmental and Stress Physiology

Phosphate-Regulated Induction of Intracellular Ribonucleases in Cultured Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) Cells ¹

Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Fachbereich Biochemie/Biotechnologie, Institut für Biochemie, Pflanzenbiochemie, Weinbergweg 16a, Halle, O-4050, Germany, Biochemisch Laboratorium, Rijksuniversiteit, Nijenborgh 16, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands

Four intracellular RNases were found to be induced in cultured tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) cells upon phosphate starvation. Localization studies revealed three (RNases LV 1-3) in the vacuoles and one (RNase LX) outside these organelles. All of these RNases were purified to homogeneity and were shown to be type I RNases on the basis of type of splitting, substrate, and base specificity at the cleavage site, molecular weight, isoelectric point, and pH optimum. Moreover, RNase LV 3 was shown by fingerprinting of tryptic digests on reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and sequencing the N terminus and two tryptic peptides to be structurally very similar to a recently characterized extracellular RNase LE which is also phosphate regulated (Nürnberger et al. [1990] Plant Physiol 92: 970-976; Jost et al. [1991] Eur J Biochem 198: 1-6). Expression of the four intracellular RNases is induced by depleting the cells of phosphate and repressed by adding phosphate. Our studies indicate that higher plants, in addition to secreting enzymes for scavanging phosphate under starvation conditions, also induce intracellularly emergency rescue systems.

³ Present address: Institut Dr. Jäger und Partner Umweltanalytik GmbH, 0-4101 Halle-Queis, Germany.

¹ This work was supported partly by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (project Ke 452/1-1). The stay of W.J. in Groningen was partially supported by the Groningen University Fund.

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