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Development and Growth Regulation

Genetic Regulation of Development in Sorghum bicolor ¹

VII. ma₃^R Flowering Mutant Lacks a Phytochrome that Predominates in Green Tissue

Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, Department of Botany, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602

Phytochrome content of three near-isogenic genotypes of Sorghum bicolor was analyzed using immunological and spectrophotometric means. Seedlings of the photoperiodically sensitive genotypes 90M (Ma₁Ma₁, Ma₂Ma₂, ma₃ma₃) and 100M (Ma₁Ma₁, Ma₂Ma₂, Ma₃Ma₃) contain 126- and 123-kilodalton phytochromes. The 126-kilodalton protein is immunostained by antibodies Oat-16 and Pea-25. The 123-kilodalton phytochrome is immunostained by antibodies Pea-25 and Green-Oat-7. Seedlings of the photoperiodically insensitive genotype 58M (Ma₁Ma₁, Ma₂Ma₂, ma₃^Rma₃^R) contain only the 126-kilodalton phytochrome. In 58M seedlings, 123-kilodalton phytochrome is not detected by either Pea-25 or Green-Oat-7. Deetiolation by white light causes the 126-kilodalton phytochrome to disappear but does not greatly affect the abundance of the 123-kilodalton phytochrome. In 58M, 90M, and 100M seedlings, the 126-kilodalton phytochrome is the most abundant in etiolated tissue, whereas the 123-kilodalton phytochrome of 90M and 100M seedlings predominates in green tissue. Spectrophotometric assays show that the bulk phytochrome of etiolated tissues of all three genotypes degrades similarly upon exposure to light. At least two phytochromes are detected in sorghum: a light-labile 126-kilodalton phytochrome that predominates in etiolated tissue and a 123-kilodalton phytochrome that predominates in green tissue. Photoperiodic control of flowering in sorghum is correlated with the presence of the 123-kilodalton phytochrome.

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