This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Web of Science (111) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Rincón, M. Articles by Gonzales, R. A. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Rincón, M. Articles by Gonzales, R. A. Agricola Articles by Rincón, M. Articles by Gonzales, R. A.

Environmental and Stress Physiology

Aluminum Partitioning in Intact Roots of Aluminum-Tolerant and Aluminum-Sensitive Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars

The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Plant Biology Division, Box 2180, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73402

Aluminum (Al) partitioning in intact roots of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars that differ in sensitivity to Al was investigated. Roots of intact seedlings were exposed to Al for up to 24 hours and distribution of Al was assessed visually by hematoxylin staining or by direct measurement of concentration of Al by atomic absorption spectrophotometry or ion chromatography. Major differences in Al accumulation between Al-tolerant (Atlas 66) and Al-sensitive (Tam 105) cultivars were found in the growing regions 0 to 2 and 2 to 5 millimeters from the root apex. Al content was 9 to 13 times greater in the 0 to 2 millimeters root tips of cv Tam 105 than in the tips of cv Atlas 66 when exposed to 50 micromolar Al for 19 to 24 hours. The oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone and the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide increased Al uptake by intact root tips of cv Atlas 66. Also, loss of Al from the roots of both cultivars was measured after the roots were "pulsed" with 50 micromolar Al for 2 hours and then placed in an Al-free nutrient solution for 6 hours. The 0 to 2 millimeter root tips of cv Tam 105 lost 30% of the absorbed Al, whereas the tips of cv Atlas 66 lost 60%. In light of these results, we conclude that the differential Al sensitivity in wheat correlates with the concentration of Al in the root meristems. The data support the hypothesis that part of the mechanism for Al tolerance in wheat is based on a metabolism-dependent exclusion of Al from the sensitive meristems.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				B. Narasimhamoorthy, E. B. Blancaflor, J. H. Bouton, M. E. Payton, and M. K. Sledge A Comparison of Hydroponics, Soil, and Root Staining Methods for Evaluation of Aluminum Tolerance in Medicago truncatula (Barrel Medic) Germplasm Crop Sci., February 6, 2007; 47(1): 321 - 328. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. L. Yang, S. J. Zheng, Y. F. He, and H. Matsumoto Aluminium resistance requires resistance to acid stress: a case study with spinach that exudes oxalate rapidly when exposed to Al stress J. Exp. Bot., April 1, 2005; 56(414): 1197 - 1203. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. A. Hopkins, D. P. Malinowski, H. Zhang, and D. W. Walker Russian Wildrye Seedlings Are Sensitive to Acidic Soil Crop Sci., November 1, 2004; 44(6): 2187 - 2192. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Bhuja, K. McLachlan, J. Stephens, and G. Taylor Accumulation of 1,3-{beta}-D-glucans, in Response to Aluminum and Cytosolic Calcium in Triticum aestivum Plant Cell Physiol., May 15, 2004; 45(5): 543 - 549. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. J. Ahn, M. Sivaguru, G. C. Chung, Z. Rengel, and H. Matsumoto Aluminium-induced growth inhibition is associated with impaired efflux and influx of H+ across the plasma membrane in root apices of squash (Cucurbita pepo) J. Exp. Bot., September 1, 2002; 53(376): 1959 - 1966. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. A. Pineros, J. V. Magalhaes, V. M. Carvalho Alves, and L. V. Kochian The Physiology and Biophysics of an Aluminum Tolerance Mechanism Based on Root Citrate Exudation in Maize Plant Physiology, July 1, 2002; 129(3): 1194 - 1206. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. J. Ahn, M. Sivaguru, H. Osawa, G. C. Chung, and H. Matsumoto Aluminum Inhibits the H+-ATPase Activity by Permanently Altering the Plasma Membrane Surface Potentials in Squash Roots Plant Physiology, August 1, 2001; 126(4): 1381 - 1390. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. J. Taylor, J. L. McDonald-Stephens, D. B. Hunter, P. M. Bertsch, D. Elmore, Z. Rengel, and R. J. Reid Direct Measurement of Aluminum Uptake and Distribution in Single Cells of Chara corallina Plant Physiology, July 1, 2000; 123(3): 987 - 996. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				I. R. Silva, T. J. Smyth, D. F. Moxley, T. E. Carter, N. S. Allen, and T. W. Rufty Aluminum Accumulation at Nuclei of Cells in the Root Tip. Fluorescence Detection Using Lumogallion and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy Plant Physiology, June 1, 2000; 123(2): 543 - 552. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				M. Kollmeier, H. H. Felle, and W. J. Horst Genotypical Differences in Aluminum Resistance of Maize Are Expressed in the Distal Part of the Transition Zone. Is Reduced Basipetal Auxin Flow Involved in Inhibition of Root Elongation by Aluminum? Plant Physiology, March 1, 2000; 122(3): 945 - 956. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. D. Vázquez, C. Poschenrieder, I. Corrales, and J. Barceló Change in Apoplastic Aluminum during the Initial Growth Response to Aluminum by Roots of a Tolerant Maize Variety Plant Physiology, February 1, 1999; 119(2): 435 - 444. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				P. B. Larsen, J. Degenhardt, C.-Y. Tai, L. M. Stenzler, S. H. Howell, and L. V. Kochian Aluminum-Resistant Arabidopsis Mutants That Exhibit Altered Patterns of Aluminum Accumulation and Organic Acid Release from Roots Plant Physiology, May 1, 1998; 117(1): 9 - 17. [Abstract] [Full Text]