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Plant Physiology 99:1184-1192 (1992)
© 1992 American Society of Plant Biologists

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Development and Growth Regulation

Characteristics of {alpha}-Amylase during Germination of Two High-Sugar Sweet Corn Cultivars of Zea mays L. 1

Monica M. Sanwo and Darleen A. DeMason

Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521

The role of the scutellum and the aleurone in {alpha}-amylase production in the high-sugar sweet corn cultivars Illini X-tra Sweet (shrunken-2, sh2) and Illinois 677a (sugary, sugary enhancer; su se) was compared to that in the starchy (Su) hybrid Funks G4646 with the use of {alpha}-amylase enzyme assays, isoelectric focusing, electron microscopy, and laser scanning confocal microscopy. The scutellum of Illinois 677a had low levels of {alpha}-amylase activity compared to that of Funks G4646 through 10 days after imbibition, and the aleurone of Illini X-tra Sweet had negligible activity. On the isoelectric focusing gels, the Illinois 677a scutellum had fewer {alpha}-amylase isozymes at 7 days compared to the Funks G4646 scutellum. The Illini X-tra Sweet aleurone had no {alpha}-amylase isozymes. Funks G4646 scutellar epithelial and aleurone cells contained abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum, polysomes, and dictyosomes at 5 and 7 days, respectively. The scutellar epithelial cells of Illinois 677a contained fewer of these structures by 5 days, and the Illini X-tra Sweet aleurone contained mostly lipid bodies through 7 days. Few cytoplasmic membranes and little RNA were detected with laser scanning confocal microscopy in the Illini X-tra Sweet aleurone compared to Funks G4646 at 7 days. These data suggest that the scutellum of Illinois 677a and the aleurone of Illini X-tra Sweet have impaired abilities to produce {alpha}-amylase.

1 This study is a portion of a dissertation for the Ph.D. degree in the Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521.






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Copyright © 1992 by the American Society of Plant Biologists