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Published on October 16, 2009; 10.1104/pp.109.143719

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Received June 26, 2009
Accepted October 10, 2009

Specific domain structures control ABA, SA, and stress mediated SIZ1 phenotypes

Mi Sun Cheong , Hyeong Cheol Park , Mi Ju Hong , Wonkyun Choi , Jing Bo Jin , Hans J Bohnert , Sang Yeol Lee , Ray A. Bressan , and Dae-Jin Yun *

Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 program), PMBBRC, EB-NCRC, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju City 660-701, Korea; Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907; Research Center for Molecular and Developmental biology, Key Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Environmental Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100093, China; Departments of Plant Biology and of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA

* Corresponding author; email: djyun{at}gnu.ac.kr.

SIZ1 encodes the sole ortholog of mammalian PIAS and yeast SIZ SUMO E3 ligases in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Four conserved motifs in SIZ1 include SAP (Scaffold attachment factor A/B//acinus/PIAS domain), PINIT, SP-RING (SIZ/PIAS-RING) and SXS motifs. SIZ1 contains, in addition, a PHD (Plant Homeodomain) typical of plant PIAS proteins. We determined phenotypes of siz1-2 knockout mutants transformed with SIZ1 alleles carrying point mutations in the predicted domains. Domain SP-RING is required for SUMO conjugation activity and nuclear localization of SIZ1. SA accumulation and SA-dependent phenotypes of siz1-2, such as diminished plant size, heightened innate immunity and ABA inhibition of cotyledon greening, as well as SA-independent basal thermotolerance were not complemented by the altered SP-RING allele of SIZ1. The SXS domain also controlled SA accumulation and was involved in greening and expansion of cotyledons of seedlings germinated in the presence of ABA. Mutations of the PHD zinc finger domain and the PINIT motif affected in vivo SUMOylation. Expression of the PHD and/or PINIT domain mutant alleles of SIZ1 in siz1-2 promoted hypocotyl elongation in response to sugar and light. The various domains of SIZ1 make unique contributions to the plant's ability to cope with its environment.






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