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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 104, Issue 4 1139-1149, Copyright © 1994 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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DEVELOPMENT AND GROWTH REGULATION |
Phytochrome A and Phytochrome B Have Overlapping but Distinct Functions in Arabidopsis Development
J. W. Reed, A. Nagatani, T. D. Elich, M. Fagan and J. Chory
Plant Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute, P.O. Box 85800, San Diego, California 92186-5800 (J.W.R., T.D.E., M.F., J.C.)
Plant responses to red and far-red light are mediated by a family of
photoreceptors called phytochromes. In Arabidopsis thaliana, there are
genes encoding at least five phytochromes, and it is of interest to learn
if the different phytochromes have overlapping or distinct functions. To
address this question for two of the phytochromes in Arabidopsis, we have
compared light responses of the wild type with those of a phyA null mutant,
a phyB null mutant, and a phyA phyB double mutant. We have found that both
phyA and phyB mutants have a deficiency in germination, the phyA mutant in
far-red light and the phyB mutant in the dark. Furthermore, the germination
defect caused by the phyA mutation in far- red light could be suppressed by
a phyB mutation, suggesting that phytochrome B (PHYB) can have an
inhibitory as well as a stimulatory effect on germination. In red light,
the phyA phyB double mutant, but neither single mutant, had poorly
developed cotyledons, as well as reduced red-light induction of CAB gene
expression and potentiation of chlorophyll induction. The phyA mutant was
deficient in sensing a flowering response inductive photoperiod, suggesting
that PHYA participates in sensing daylength. In contrast, the phyB mutant
flowered earlier than the wild type (and the phyA mutant) under all
photoperiods tested, but responded to an inductive photoperiod. Thus, PHYA
and PHYB appear to have complementary functions in controlling germination,
seedling development, and flowering. We discuss the implications of these
results for possible mechanisms of PHYA and PHYB signal transduction.
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G. G. Simpson and C. Dean
Arabidopsis, the Rosetta Stone of Flowering Time?
Science,
April 12, 2002;
296(5566):
285 - 289.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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J. B. Reid, N. A. Botwright, J. J. Smith, D. P. O'Neill, and L. H. J. Kerckhoffs
Control of Gibberellin Levels and Gene Expression during De-Etiolation in Pea
Plant Physiology,
February 1, 2002;
128(2):
734 - 741.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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L. Hennig, W. M. Stoddart, M. Dieterle, G. C. Whitelam, and E. Schafer
Phytochrome E Controls Light-Induced Germination of Arabidopsis
Plant Physiology,
January 1, 2002;
128(1):
194 - 200.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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M. J. Yanovsky, M. A. Mazzella, G. C. Whitelam, and J. J. Casal
Resetting of the Circadian Clock by Phytochromes and Cryptochromes in Arabidopsis
J Biol Rhythms,
December 1, 2001;
16(6):
523 - 530.
[Abstract]
[PDF]
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A. Hall, L. Kozma-Bognar, R. Toth, F. Nagy, and A. J. Millar
Conditional Circadian Regulation of PHYTOCHROME A Gene Expression
Plant Physiology,
December 1, 2001;
127(4):
1808 - 1818.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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O. Harari-Steinberg, I. Ohad, and D. A. Chamovitz
Dissection of the Light Signal Transduction Pathways Regulating the Two Early Light-Induced Protein Genes in Arabidopsis
Plant Physiology,
November 1, 2001;
127(3):
986 - 997.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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M. L. Ballesteros, C. Bolle, L. M. Lois, J. M. Moore, J.-P. Vielle-Calzada, U. Grossniklaus, and N.-H. Chua
LAF1, a MYB transcription activator for phytochrome A signaling
Genes & Dev.,
October 1, 2001;
15(19):
2613 - 2625.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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A. E. Pepper, M.-s. Seong-Kim, S. M. Hebst, K. N. Ivey, S.-J. Kwak, and D. E. Broyles
shl, a New Set of Arabidopsis Mutants with Exaggerated Developmental Responses to Available Red, Far-Red, and Blue Light
Plant Physiology,
September 1, 2001;
127(1):
295 - 304.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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K. A. Hicks, T. M. Albertson, and D. R. Wagner
EARLY FLOWERING3 Encodes a Novel Protein That Regulates Circadian Clock Function and Flowering in Arabidopsis
PLANT CELL,
June 1, 2001;
13(6):
1281 - 1292.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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C. Long and M. Iino
Light-Dependent Osmoregulation in Pea Stem Protoplasts. Photoreceptors, Tissue Specificity, Ion Relationships, and Physiological Implications
Plant Physiology,
April 1, 2001;
125(4):
1854 - 1869.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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M. A. Blazquez
Flower development pathways
J. Cell Sci.,
March 12, 2001;
113(20):
3547 - 3548.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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M. Takano, H. Kanegae, T. Shinomura, A. Miyao, H. Hirochika, and M. Furuya
Isolation and Characterization of Rice Phytochrome A Mutants
PLANT CELL,
March 1, 2001;
13(3):
521 - 534.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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L. Hennig, C. Poppe, U. Sweere, A. Martin, and E. Schäfer
Negative Interference of Endogenous Phytochrome B with Phytochrome A Function in Arabidopsis
Plant Physiology,
February 1, 2001;
125(2):
1036 - 1044.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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E. D. Brenner, N. Martinez-Barboza, A. P. Clark, Q. S. Liang, D. W. Stevenson, and G. M. Coruzzi
Arabidopsis Mutants Resistant to S(+)-{beta}-Methyl-{alpha}, {beta}-Diaminopropionic Acid, a Cycad-Derived Glutamate Receptor Agonist
Plant Physiology,
December 1, 2000;
124(4):
1615 - 1624.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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M.-S. Soh, Y.-M. Kim, S.-J. Han, and P.-S. Song
REP1, a Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Protein, Is Required for a Branch Pathway of Phytochrome A Signaling in Arabidopsis
PLANT CELL,
November 1, 2000;
12(11):
2061 - 2074.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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C. D. Fairchild, M. A. Schumaker, and P. H. Quail
HFR1 encodes an atypical bHLH protein that acts in phytochrome A signal transduction
Genes & Dev.,
September 15, 2000;
14(18):
2377 - 2391.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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C. Fankhauser and J. Chory
RSF1, an Arabidopsis Locus Implicated in Phytochrome A Signaling
Plant Physiology,
September 1, 2000;
124(1):
39 - 46.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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C. Lin
Photoreceptors and Regulation of Flowering Time
Plant Physiology,
May 1, 2000;
123(1):
39 - 50.
[Full Text]
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M. J. Yanovsky, G. C. Whitelam, and J. J. Casal
fhy3-1 Retains Inductive Responses of Phytochrome A
Plant Physiology,
May 1, 2000;
123(1):
235 - 242.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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D. Weigel, J. H. Ahn, M. A. Blázquez, J. O. Borevitz, S. K. Christensen, C. Fankhauser, C. Ferrándiz, I. Kardailsky, E. J. Malancharuvil, M. M. Neff, et al.
Activation Tagging in Arabidopsis
Plant Physiology,
April 1, 2000;
122(4):
1003 - 1014.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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J. W. Reed, P. Nagpal, R. M. Bastow, K. S. Solomon, M. J. Dowson-Day, R. P. Elumalai, and A. J. Millar
Independent Action of ELF3 and phyB to Control Hypocotyl Elongation and Flowering Time
Plant Physiology,
April 1, 2000;
122(4):
1149 - 1160.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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N. Kuno, T. Muramatsu, F. Hamazato, and M. Furuya
Identification by Large-Scale Screening of Phytochrome-Regulated Genes in Etiolated Seedlings of Arabidopsis Using a Fluorescent Differential Display Technique
Plant Physiology,
January 1, 2000;
122(1):
15 - 24.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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T. Shinomura, K. Uchida, and M. Furuya
Elementary Processes of Photoperception by Phytochrome A for High-Irradiance Response of Hypocotyl Elongation in Arabidopsis
Plant Physiology,
January 1, 2000;
122(1):
147 - 156.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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F. R. Cantón and P. H. Quail
Both phyA and phyB Mediate Light-Imposed Repression of PHYA Gene Expression in Arabidopsis
Plant Physiology,
December 1, 1999;
121(4):
1207 - 1215.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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L. Hennig, C. Büche, K. Eichenberg, and E. Schäfer
Dynamic Properties of Endogenous Phytochrome A in Arabidopsis Seedlings
Plant Physiology,
October 1, 1999;
121(2):
571 - 578.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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B. L. Montgomery, K.-C. Yeh, M. W. Crepeau, and J. C. Lagarias
Modification of Distinct Aspects of Photomorphogenesis via Targeted Expression of Mammalian Biliverdin Reductase in Transgenic Arabidopsis Plants
Plant Physiology,
October 1, 1999;
121(2):
629 - 640.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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M. B. Anderson, K. Folta, K. M. Warpeha, J. Gibbons, J. Gao, and L. S. Kaufman
Blue Light–Directed Destabilization of the Pea Lhcb1*4 Transcript Depends on Sequences within the 5' Untranslated Region
PLANT CELL,
August 1, 1999;
11(8):
1579 - 1590.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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M. A. Blázquez and D. Weigel
Independent Regulation of Flowering by Phytochrome B and Gibberellins in Arabidopsis
Plant Physiology,
August 1, 1999;
120(4):
1025 - 1032.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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D. B. Scott, W. Jin, H. K. Ledford, H.-S. Jung, and M. A. Honma
EAF1 Regulates Vegetative-Phase Change and Flowering Time in Arabidopsis
Plant Physiology,
July 1, 1999;
120(3):
675 - 684.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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T. W. Short
Overexpression of Arabidopsis Phytochrome B Inhibits Phytochrome A Function in the Presence of Sucrose
Plant Physiology,
April 1, 1999;
119(4):
1497 - 1506.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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T. Muramoto, T. Kohchi, A. Yokota, I. Hwang, and H. M. Goodman
The Arabidopsis Photomorphogenic Mutant hy1 Is Deficient in Phytochrome Chromophore Biosynthesis as a Result of a Mutation in a Plastid Heme Oxygenase
PLANT CELL,
March 1, 1999;
11(3):
335 - 348.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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P. F. Devlin, P. R.H. Robson, S. R. Patel, L. Goosey, R. A. Sharrock, and G. C. Whitelam
Phytochrome D Acts in the Shade-Avoidance Syndrome in Arabidopsis by Controlling Elongation Growth and Flowering Time
Plant Physiology,
March 1, 1999;
119(3):
909 - 916.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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Y. Lee, A. M. Lloyd, and S. J. Roux
Antisense Expression of the CK2 alpha -Subunit Gene in Arabidopsis. Effects on Light-Regulated Gene Expression and Plant Growth
Plant Physiology,
March 1, 1999;
119(3):
989 - 1000.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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