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First published online June 14, 2002; 10.1104/pp.002717

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Plant Physiol, July 2002, Vol. 129, pp. 1276-1284

Differential Accumulation of Dimethylallyl Diphosphate in Leaves and Needles of Isoprene- and Methylbutenol-Emitting and Nonemitting Species1

Todd N. Rosenstiel, Alison J. Fisher,2 Ray Fall, and Russell K. Monson*

Departments of Environmental, Population, and Organismic Biology (T.N.R., R.K.M.) and Chemistry and Biochemistry (A.J.F., R.F.) and Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (R.F., R.K.M.), University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0334

The biosynthesis and emission of volatile plant terpenoids, such as isoprene and methylbutenol (MBO), depend on the chloroplastic production of dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP). To date, it has been difficult to study the relationship of cellular DMAPP levels to emission of these volatiles because of the lack of a sensitive assay for DMAPP in plant tissues. Using a recent DMAPP assay developed in our laboratories, we report that species with the highest potential for isoprene and MBO production also exhibit elevated light-dependent DMAPP production, ranging from 110% to 1,063%. Even species that do not produce significant amounts of volatile terpenoids, however, exhibit some potential for light-dependent production of DMAPP. We used a nonaqueous fractionation technique to determine the intracellular distribution of DMAPP in isoprene-emitting cottonwood (Populus deltoides) leaves; approximately 65% to 70% of the DMAPP recovered at midday occurred in the chloroplasts, indicating that most of the light-dependent production of DMAPP was chloroplastic in origin. The midday concentration of chloroplastic DMAPP in cottonwood leaves is estimated to be 0.13 to 3.0 mM, which is consistent with the relatively high Kms that have been reported for isoprene synthases (0.5-8 mM). The results provide support for the hypothesis that the light dependence of isoprene and MBO emissions is in part due to controls over DMAPP production.

1 This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (grant nos. BIR-9413218 to R.K.M. and ATM-9633285 to R.F.), by the Department of Energy (grant no. DE-FG03-97ER20274 to R.F.), and by the Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Science (graduate fellowships to A.J.F. and T.N.R.).

2 Present address: Department of Chemistry, Norwich University, Northfield, VT 05663.

* Corresponding author; e-mail russell.monson{at}colorado.edu; fax 303-492-8699.

© 2002 American Society of Plant Physiologists


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