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First published online December 11, 2003; 10.1104/pp.103.034314

Plant Physiology 134:286-295 (2004)
© 2004 American Society of Plant Biologists

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CELL BIOLOGY AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION

RHM2 Is Involved in Mucilage Pectin Synthesis and Is Required for the Development of the Seed Coat in Arabidopsis

Björn Usadel, Anja M. Kuschinsky, Mario G. Rosso, Nora Eckermann and Markus Pauly*

Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Golm, Germany (B.U., A.M.K., M.P.); Max-Planck-Institut für Züchtungsforschung, Carl-von-Linne-Weg 10, D-50829 Köln, Germany (M.G.R.); and Universität Potsdam, Institut für Biochemie und Biologie, Arbeitsgruppe Pflanzenphysiologie, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, 14476, Golm, Germany (N.E.)

Pectins are major components of primary plant cell walls and the seed mucilage of Arabidopsis. Despite progress in the structural elucidation of pectins, only very few enzymes participating in or regulating their synthesis have been identified. A first candidate gene involved in the synthesis of pectinaceous rhamnogalacturonan I is RHM2, a putative plant ortholog to NDP-rhamnose biosynthetic enzymes in bacteria. Expression studies with a promoter {beta}-glucuronidase construct and reverse transcription PCR data show that RHM2 is expressed ubiquitously. Rhm2 T-DNA insertion mutant lines were identified using a reverse genetics approach. Analysis of the rhm2 seeds by various staining methods and chemical analysis of the mucilage revealed a strong reduction of rhamnogalacturonan I in the mucilage and a decrease of its molecular weight. In addition, scanning electron microscopy of the seed surface indicated a distorted testa morphology, illustrating not only a structural but also a developmental role for RGI or rhamnose metabolism in proper testa formation.

Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.103.034314.

* Corresponding author; e-mail pauly{at}mpimp-golm.mpg.de; fax 49-331-5678250.

Received October 3, 2003; returned for revision October 16, 2003; accepted October 16, 2003.




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