First published online February 25, 2005; 10.1104/pp.104.055285
Plant Physiology 137:911-920 (2005)
© 2005 American Society of Plant Biologists
BIOENERGETICS AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Diatom Plastids Possess a Phosphoribulokinase with an Altered Regulation and No Oxidative Pentose Phosphate Pathway1
Andreas K. Michels2,
Norbert Wedel3 and
Peter G. Kroth*
Institute of Plant Biochemistry, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany (A.K.M.); Plant Physiology, Department of Biology/Chemistry, University of Osnabrueck, 49069 Osnabrueck, Germany (N.W.); and Department of Biology, Postfach M611, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany (P.G.K.)
The chloroplast enzyme phosphoribulokinase (PRK; EC 2.7.1.19) is part of the Calvin cycle (reductive pentose phosphate pathway) responsible for CO2 fixation in photosynthetic organisms. In green algae and vascular plants, this enzyme is light regulated via reversible reduction by reduced thioredoxin. We have sequenced and characterized the gene of the PRK from the marine diatom Odontella sinensis and found that the enzyme has the conserved cysteine residues necessary for thioredoxin-dependent regulation. Analysis of enzymatic activity of partially purified diatom enzyme and of purified protein obtained by native overexpression in Escherichia coli, however, revealed that under natural redox conditions the diatom enzyme is generally active. Treatment of the enzyme with strong oxidants results in inhibition of the enzyme, which is reversible by subsequent incubation with reducing agents. We determined the redox midpoint potentials of the regulatory cysteine in the PRK from O. sinensis in comparison to the respective spinach (Spinacia oleracea) enzyme and found a more positive redox potential for the diatom PRK, indicating that in vivo this enzyme might not be regulated by thioredoxin. We also demonstrate that in protease-treated diatom plastids, activities of enzymes of the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway are not detectable, thus reducing the need for a tight regulation of the Calvin cycle in diatoms. We discuss our results in the context of rearrangements of the subcellular compartmentation of metabolic pathways due to the peculiar evolution of diatoms by secondary endocytobiosis.
1 This work was supported by the University of Konstanz, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Transregio-SFB TR1, project Kr 1661–2, grant to P.G.K.), and by the European community (MARGENES, grant no. QLRT–2001–01226 to P.G.K.).
2 Present address: Henkel KGaA, Division of Enzyme Technology, Henkelstrasse 67, 40191 Düsseldorf, Germany.
3 Present address: Hofkamp 7, 24145 Kiel, Germany.
Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.104.055285.
* Corresponding author; e-mail peter.kroth{at}uni-konstanz.de; fax 49–7531–883042.
Received October 19, 2004;
returned for revision December 1, 2004;
accepted December 4, 2004.
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