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DEVELOPMENT AND HORMONE ACTION

Building Up of the Plastid Transcriptional Machinery during Germination and Early Plant Development¹

Laboratoire Plastes et Differenciation Cellulaire, Université Joseph Fourier and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, F–38041 Grenoble, France

The plastid genome is transcribed by three different RNA polymerases, one is called plastid-encoded RNA polymerase (PEP) and two are called nucleus-encoded RNA polymerases (NEPs). PEP transcribes preferentially photosynthesis-related genes in mature chloroplasts while NEP transcribes preferentially housekeeping genes during early phases of plant development, and it was generally thought that during plastid differentiation the building up of the NEP transcription system precedes the building up of the PEP transcription system. We have now analyzed in detail the establishment of the two different transcription systems, NEP and PEP, during germination and early seedling development on the mRNA and protein level. Experiments have been performed with two different plant species, Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and spinach (Spinacia oleracea). Results show that the building up of the two different transcription systems is different in the two species. However, in both species NEP as well as PEP are already present in seeds, and results using Tagetin as a specific inhibitor of PEP activity demonstrate that PEP is important for efficient germination, i.e. PEP is already active in not yet photosynthetically active seed plastids.

² Present address: The Sainsbury Laboratory, John Innes Centre, Colney Lane, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UH, UK.

The author responsible for distribution of materials integral to the findings presented in this article in accordance with the policy described in the Instructions for Authors (www.plantphysiol.org) is: Silva Lerbs-Mache (silva.lerbs-mache{at}ujf-grenoble.fr).

www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.106.085043

^* Corresponding author; e-mail silva.lerbs-mache{at}ujf-grenoble.fr; fax 33–04–76–63–55–86.

Received June 12, 2006; accepted August 30, 2006; published September 8, 2006.

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