OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE

This Article Free via Open Access: OA OA Full Text Full Text (PDF) Supplemental Data OA All Versions of this Article: 144/3/1495    most recent pp.107.101618v1 Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Web of Science (17) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Larrainzar, E. Articles by González, E. M. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Larrainzar, E. Articles by González, E. M. Agricola Articles by Larrainzar, E. Articles by González, E. M. Related Collections Legume Biology

PLANTS INTERACTING WITH OTHER ORGANISMS

Medicago truncatula Root Nodule Proteome Analysis Reveals Differential Plant and Bacteroid Responses to Drought Stress^1,2,[W],[OA]

Departamento de Ciencias del Medio Natural, Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain (E.L., R.L., C.A.-I., E.M.G.); Proteome Factory, 10117 Berlin, Germany (S.W.); and Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam, Germany (S.W., W.W.)

Drought is one of the environmental factors most affecting crop production. Under drought, symbiotic nitrogen fixation is one of the physiological processes to first show stress responses in nodulated legumes. This inhibition process involves a number of factors whose interactions are not yet understood. This work aims to further understand changes occurring in nodules under drought stress from a proteomic perspective. Drought was imposed on Medicago truncatula ‘Jemalong A17’ plants grown in symbiosis with Sinorhizobium meliloti strain 2011. Changes at the protein level were analyzed using a nongel approach based on liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Due to the complexity of nodule tissue, the separation of plant and bacteroid fractions in M. truncatula root nodules was first checked with the aim of minimizing cross contamination between the fractions. Second, the protein plant fraction of M. truncatula nodules was profiled, leading to the identification of 377 plant proteins, the largest description of the plant nodule proteome so far. Third, both symbiotic partners were independently analyzed for quantitative differences at the protein level during drought stress. Multivariate data mining allowed for the classification of proteins sets that were involved in drought stress responses. The isolation of the nodule plant and bacteroid protein fractions enabled the independent analysis of the response of both counterparts, gaining further understanding of how each symbiotic member is distinctly affected at the protein level under a water-deficit situation.

² Dedicated to Dr. Anthony J. Gordon on occasion of his retirement.

³ These authors contributed equally to the article.

The author responsible for distribution of materials integral to the findings presented in this article in accordance with the policy described in the Instructions for Authors (www.plantphysiol.org) is: Esther M. González (esther.gonzalez{at}unavarra.es).

^[W] The online version of this article contains Web-only data.

^[OA] Open Access articles can be viewed online without a subscription.

www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.107.101618

^* Corresponding author; e-mail esther.gonzalez{at}unavarra.es; fax 34–948168930.

Received April 26, 2007; accepted May 21, 2007; published June 1, 2007.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				S. Wienkoop, E. Larrainzar, M. Glinski, E. M. Gonzalez, C. Arrese-Igor, and W. Weckwerth Absolute quantification of Medicago truncatula sucrose synthase isoforms and N-metabolism enzymes in symbiotic root nodules and the detection of novel nodule phosphoproteins by mass spectrometry J. Exp. Bot., September 1, 2008; 59(12): 3307 - 3315. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. C. Baier, A. Barsch, H. Kuster, and N. Hohnjec Antisense Repression of the Medicago truncatula Nodule-Enhanced Sucrose Synthase Leads to a Handicapped Nitrogen Fixation Mirrored by Specific Alterations in the Symbiotic Transcriptome and Metabolome Plant Physiology, December 1, 2007; 145(4): 1600 - 1618. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Ladrera, D. Marino, E. Larrainzar, E. M. Gonzalez, and C. Arrese-Igor Reduced Carbon Availability to Bacteroids and Elevated Ureides in Nodules, But Not in Shoots, Are Involved in the Nitrogen Fixation Response to Early Drought in Soybean Plant Physiology, October 1, 2007; 145(2): 539 - 546. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]