OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE

This Article Free via Open Access: OA OA Full Text Full Text (PDF) OA All Versions of this Article: 145/4/1692    most recent pp.107.108654v1 Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Web of Science (4) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Mayfield, J. D. Articles by Ferl, R. J. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Mayfield, J. D. Articles by Ferl, R. J. Agricola Articles by Mayfield, J. D. Articles by Ferl, R. J.

CELL BIOLOGY AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION

The 14-3-3 Proteins µ and Influence Transition to Flowering and Early Phytochrome Response^1,[C],[OA]

Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program and Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611

14-3-3 proteins regulate a diverse set of biological responses but developmental phenotypes associated with 14-3-3 mutations have not been described in plants. Here, physiological and biochemical tests demonstrate interactions between 14-3-3s and the well-established mechanisms that govern light sensing and photoperiodic flowering control. Plants featuring homozygous disruption of 14-3-3 isoforms and µ display defects in light sensing and/or response. Mutant plants flower late and exhibit long hypocotyls under red light, with little effect under blue or far-red light. The long hypocotyl phenotype is consistent with a role for 14-3-3 and µ in phytochrome B signaling. Yeast two-hybrid and coimmunoprecipitation assays indicate that 14-3-3 and µ proteins physically interact with CONSTANS, a central regulator of the photoperiod pathway. Together, these data indicate a potential role for specific 14-3-3 isoforms in affecting photoperiodic flowering via interaction with CONSTANS, possibly as integrators of light signals sensed through the phytochrome system.

The author responsible for distribution of materials integral to the findings presented in this article in accordance with the policy described in the Instructions for Authors (www.plantphysiol.org) is: Robert J. Ferl (robferl{at}ufl.edu).

^[C] Some figures in this article are displayed in color online but in black and white in the print edition.

^[OA] Open Access articles can be viewed online without a subscription.

www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.107.108654

^* Corresponding author; e-mail robferl{at}ufl.edu.

Received September 3, 2007; accepted September 29, 2007; published October 19, 2007.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				Y. A. Purwestri, Y. Ogaki, S. Tamaki, H. Tsuji, and K. Shimamoto The 14-3-3 Protein GF14c Acts as a Negative Regulator of Flowering in Rice by Interacting with the Florigen Hd3a Plant Cell Physiol., March 1, 2009; 50(3): 429 - 438. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. N. Warnasooriya and B. L. Montgomery Detection of Spatial-Specific Phytochrome Responses Using Targeted Expression of Biliverdin Reductase in Arabidopsis Plant Physiology, January 1, 2009; 149(1): 424 - 433. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]