Plant Physiology Preview Published on April 19, 2002; 10.1104/pp.000869
Received February 17, 2002
Accepted February 17, 2002
LeCPK1, a Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase from
Tomato. Plasma Membrane Targeting and Biochemical
Characterization
Frank Rutschmann , Urs Stalder , Markus Piotrowski , Claudia Oecking , and Andreas Schaller *
Institute of Plant Sciences, Plant Biochemistry and Physiology Group, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Universitätstrasse 2, CH--8092 Zürich, Switzerland (F.R., U.S., A.S.); Lehrstuhl für Pflanzenphysiologie, Ruhr-Universität, D--44780 Bochum, Germany (M.P.); and Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 5, D--72076 Tübingen, Germany (C.O.)
* Corresponding author; email: andreas.schaller{at}ipw.biol.ethz.ch.
The cDNA of LeCPK1, a calcium-dependent protein kinase, was cloned from tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). LeCPK1 was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified from bacterial extracts. The recombinant protein was shown to be a functional protein kinase using a synthetic peptide as the substrate (syntide-2, Km = 85 µM). Autophosphorylation of LeCPK1 was observed on threonine and serine residues, one of which was identified as serine-439. Kinase activity was shown to be Ca2+ dependent and required the C-terminal, calmodulin-like domain of LeCPK1. Two classes of high- and low-affinity Ca2+-binding sites were observed, exhibiting dissociation constants of 0.6 and 55 µM, respectively. LeCPK1 was found to phosphorylate the regulatory C-terminal domain of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase in vitro. A potential role in the regulation of proton pump activity is corroborated by the apparent colocalization of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase and LeCPK1 in vivo. Upon transient expression in suspension-cultured cells, a C-terminal fusion of LeCPK1 with the green fluorescent protein was targeted to the plasma membrane. Myristoylation of the LeCPK1 N terminus was found to be required for plasma membrane targeting.
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