Plant Physiology Preview
Published on August 16, 2002; 10.1104/pp.006403
Received March 26, 2002
Returned for revision April 18, 2002
Accepted April 26, 2002
Movement of Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid Reveals Regulatory Points of Phloem-Mediated RNA Traffic
Yali Zhu , Yijun Qi , Yan Xun , Robert Owens , and Biao Ding *
Department of Plant Biology and Plant Biotechnology Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210 (Y.Z., Y.Q., Y.X., B.D.); and Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Services, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705 (R.O.)
* Corresponding author; email: ding.35{at}osu.edu.
Increasing evidence indicates that the phloem mediates traffic of selective RNAs within a plant. How an RNA enters, moves in, and exits the phloem is poorly understood. Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) is a pathogenic RNA that does not encode proteins and is not encapsidated, and yet it replicates autonomously and traffics systemically within an infected plant. The viroid RNA genome must interact directly with cellular factors to accomplish these functions and is, therefore, an excellent probe to study mechanisms that regulate RNA traffic. Our analyses of PSTVd traffic in Nicotiana benthamiana yielded evidence that PSTVd movement within sieve tubes does not simply follow mass flow from source to sink organs. Rather, this RNA is transported into selective sink organs. Furthermore, two PSTVd mutants can enter the phloem to spread systemically but cannot exit the phloem in systemic leaves of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). A viroid most likely has evolved structural motifs that mimic endogenous plant RNA motifs so that they are recognized by cellular factors for traffic. Thus, analysis of PSTVd traffic functions may provide insights about endogenous mechanisms that control phloem entry, transport, and exit of RNAs.
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