Plant Physiology Preview Published on September 6, 2002; 10.1104/pp.006478
Received March 29, 2002
Returned for revision May 3, 2002
Accepted June 3, 2002
Transcription Factor CBF4 Is a Regulator of Drought Adaptation in Arabidopsis
Volker Haake , Daniel Cook , José Luis Riechmann , Omaira Pineda , Michael F. Thomashow , and James Z. Zhang *
Mendel Biotechnology, 21375 Cabot Boulevard, Hayward, California 94545 (V.H., J.L.R., O.P., J.Z.Z.); and Michigan State University-Department of Energy Plant Research Lab (D.C., M.F.T.) and Department of Crop and Soil Sciences (M.F.T.), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
* Corresponding author; email: jzhang{at}mendelbio.com.
In plants, low temperature and dehydration activate a set of genes containing C-repeat/dehydration-responsive elements in their promoter. It has been shown previously that the Arabidopsis CBF/DREB1 transcription activators are critical regulators of gene expression in the signal transduction of cold acclimation. Here, we report the isolation of an apparent homolog of the CBF/DREB1 proteins (CBF4) that plays the equivalent role during drought adaptation. In contrast to the three already identified CBF/DREB1 homologs, which are induced under cold stress, CBF4 gene expression is up-regulated by drought stress, but not by low temperature. Overexpression of CBF4 in transgenic Arabidopsis plants results in the activation of C-repeat/dehydration-responsive element containing downstream genes that are involved in cold acclimation and drought adaptation. As a result, the transgenic plants are more tolerant to freezing and drought stress. Because of the physiological similarity between freezing and drought stress, and the sequence and structural similarity of the CBF/DREB1 and the CBF4 proteins, we propose that the plant's response to cold and drought evolved from a common CBF-like transcription factor, first through gene duplication and then through promoter evolution.
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