Plant Physiology Preview
Published on October 3, 2002; 10.1104/pp.009993
Received June 13, 2002
Accepted June 13, 2002
ACTCAT, a Novel cis-Acting Element for Proline- and Hypoosmolarity-Responsive Expression of the ProDH Gene Encoding Proline Dehydrogenase in Arabidopsis
Rie Satoh , Kazuo Nakashima , Motoaki Seki , Kazuo Shinozaki , and Kazuko Yamaguchi-Shinozaki *
Biological Resources Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, 1-1 Ohwashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8686, Japan (R.S., K.N., K.Y.-S.); Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan (R.S., K.S.); Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology, RIKEN Tsukuba Institute, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan (R.S., M.S., K.S.); and Plant Functional Genomics Group, RIKEN Genomic Sciences Center, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan (M.S., K.S.)
* Corresponding author; email: kazukoys{at}jircas.affrc.go.jp.
Proline (Pro) is one of the most widely distributed osmolytes in water-stressed plants. We previously isolated from Arabidopsis a gene encoding Pro dehydrogenase (ProDH), a mitochondrial enzyme involved in the first step of the conversion of Pro to glutamic acid. The ProDH gene in Arabidopsis is up-regulated by rehydration after dehydration but is down-regulated by dehydration. ProDH is also induced by L-Pro and hypoosmolarity. The induction of ProDH expression under rehydration seems to be caused by both accumulated Pro and hypoosmolarity. We analyzed a DNA region that is located 5' to the transcription start site (a promoter region) of ProDH to identify cis-acting elements involved in L-Pro-induced and hypoosmolarity-induced expression in transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) and Arabidopsis plants. We found that a 9-bp sequence, ACTCATCCT, in the ProDH promoter is necessary for the efficient expression of ProDH in response to L-Pro and hypoosmolarity. Moreover, ACTCAT is a core cis-acting element, which we have called Pro- or hypoosmolarity-responsive element (PRE), that is necessary for L-Pro-responsive and hypoosmolarity-responsive expression of ProDH. Microarray and RNA gel-blot analyses showed that 21 L-Pro-inducible genes have the PRE sequences in their promoter regions. These results indicate that the PRE sequence play an important role in the L-Pro-responsive gene expression.
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