Plant Physiology Preview
Published on February 28, 2002; 10.1104/pp.010857
Received September 20, 2001
Returned for revision December 20, 2001
Accepted December 27, 2001
Characterization of CAX4, an Arabidopsis H+/Cation Antiporter
Ning-hui Cheng , Jon K. Pittman , Toshiro Shigaki , and Kendal D. Hirschi *
Baylor College of Medicine, Plant Physiology Group, United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, Texas 77030 (N.-h.C., J.K.P., T.S., K.D.H.); and Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77845 (K.D.H.)
* Corresponding author; email: kendalh{at}bcm.tmc.edu.
Ion compartmentalization is essential for plant growth and development. The Arabidopsis open reading frames for CAX1, CAX2, and CAX3 (cation exchangers 1, 2, and 3) were previously identified as transporters that may modulate ion fluxes across the vacuolar membrane. To understand the diversity and role of H+/cation transporters in controlling plant ion levels, another homolog of the CAX genes, CAX4, was cloned from an Arabidopsis cDNA library. CAX4 is 53% identical to CAX1 at the amino acid level, 42% identical to CAX2, and 54% identical to CAX3. CAX4 transcripts appeared to be expressed at low levels in all tissues and levels of CAX4 RNA increased after Mn2+, Na+, and Ni2+ treatment. An N-terminal CAX4-hemagglutinin fusion appeared to localize to both yeast and plant vacuolar membranes. When expressed in yeast, CAX4, like CAX3, failed to suppress the Ca2+ sensitivity of yeast strains deficient in vacuolar Ca2+ transport. Several modifications to CAX4 allowed the protein to transport Ca2+. Addition of amino acids to the N terminus of CAX4 and CAX3 caused both transporters to suppress the sensitivity of yeast strains deficient in vacuolar Ca2+ transport. These findings suggest that CAX transporters may modulate their ion transport properties through alterations at the N terminus.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
|
|
 
J. Morris, H. Tian, S. Park, C. S. Sreevidya, J. M. Ward, and K. D. Hirschi
AtCCX3 Is an Arabidopsis Endomembrane H+-Dependent K+ Transporter
Plant Physiology,
November 1, 2008;
148(3):
1474 - 1486.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Pardo, B. Cubero, E. O. Leidi, and F. J. Quintero
Alkali cation exchangers: roles in cellular homeostasis and stress tolerance
J. Exp. Bot.,
March 1, 2006;
57(5):
1181 - 1199.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Kamiya, T. Akahori, M. Ashikari, and M. Maeshima
Expression of the Vacuolar Ca2+/H+ Exchanger, OsCAX1a, in Rice: Cell and Age Specificity of Expression, and Enhancement by Ca2+
Plant Cell Physiol.,
January 1, 2006;
47(1):
96 - 106.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Park, N. H. Cheng, J. K. Pittman, K. S. Yoo, J. Park, R. H. Smith, and K. D. Hirschi
Increased Calcium Levels and Prolonged Shelf Life in Tomatoes Expressing Arabidopsis H+/Ca2+ Transporters
Plant Physiology,
November 1, 2005;
139(3):
1194 - 1206.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Kamiya, T. Akahori, and M. Maeshima
Expression Profile of the Genes for Rice Cation/H+ Exchanger Family and Functional Analysis in Yeast
Plant Cell Physiol.,
October 1, 2005;
46(10):
1735 - 1740.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N.-H. Cheng, J. K. Pittman, T. Shigaki, J. Lachmansingh, S. LeClere, B. Lahner, D. E. Salt, and K. D. Hirschi
Functional Association of Arabidopsis CAX1 and CAX3 Is Required for Normal Growth and Ion Homeostasis
Plant Physiology,
August 1, 2005;
138(4):
2048 - 2060.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Cai and J. Lytton
The Cation/Ca2+ Exchanger Superfamily: Phylogenetic Analysis and Structural Implications
Mol. Biol. Evol.,
September 1, 2004;
21(9):
1692 - 1703.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Waditee, G. S. Hossain, Y. Tanaka, T. Nakamura, M. Shikata, J. Takano, T. Takabe, and T. Takabe
Isolation and Functional Characterization of Ca2+/H+ Antiporters from Cyanobacteria
J. Biol. Chem.,
February 6, 2004;
279(6):
4330 - 4338.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N.-H. Cheng, J. K. Pittman, J.-K. Zhu, and K. D. Hirschi
The Protein Kinase SOS2 Activates the Arabidopsis H+/Ca2+ Antiporter CAX1 to Integrate Calcium Transport and Salt Tolerance
J. Biol. Chem.,
January 23, 2004;
279(4):
2922 - 2926.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. L. Hall and L. E. Williams
Transition metal transporters in plants
J. Exp. Bot.,
December 1, 2003;
54(393):
2601 - 2613.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N.-H. Cheng and K. D. Hirschi
Cloning and Characterization of CXIP1, a Novel PICOT Domain-containing Arabidopsis Protein That Associates with CAX1
J. Biol. Chem.,
February 14, 2003;
278(8):
6503 - 6509.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Shigaki, J. K. Pittman, and K. D. Hirschi
Manganese Specificity Determinants in the Arabidopsis Metal/H+ Antiporter CAX2
J. Biol. Chem.,
February 14, 2003;
278(8):
6610 - 6617.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N.-H. Cheng, J. K. Pittman, B. J. Barkla, T. Shigaki, and K. D. Hirschi
The Arabidopsis cax1 Mutant Exhibits Impaired Ion Homeostasis, Development, and Hormonal Responses and Reveals Interplay among Vacuolar Transporters
PLANT CELL,
February 1, 2003;
15(2):
347 - 364.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Karlson and R. Imai
Conservation of the Cold Shock Domain Protein Family in Plants
Plant Physiology,
January 1, 2003;
131(1):
12 - 15.
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. K. Pittman, C. S. Sreevidya, T. Shigaki, H. Ueoka-Nakanishi, and K. D. Hirschi
Distinct N-Terminal Regulatory Domains of Ca2+/H+ Antiporters
Plant Physiology,
October 1, 2002;
130(2):
1054 - 1062.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. K. Pittman, T. Shigaki, N.-H. Cheng, and K. D. Hirschi
Mechanism of N-terminal Autoinhibition in the Arabidopsis Ca2+/H+ Antiporter CAX1
J. Biol. Chem.,
July 12, 2002;
277(29):
26452 - 26459.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
