Plant Physiology Preview
Published on October 15, 2002; 10.1104/pp.011114
Received July 10, 2002
Returned for revision July 29, 2002
Accepted August 16, 2002
Salt Stress Inhibits the Repair of Photodamaged Photosystem II by Suppressing the Transcription and Translation of psbA Genes in Synechocystis
Suleyman I. Allakhverdiev , Yoshitaka Nishiyama , Sachio Miyairi , Hiroshi Yamamoto , Noritoshi Inagaki , Yu Kanesaki , and Norio Murata *
Department of Regulation Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan (S.I.A., H.Y., Y.K., N.M.); Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142292, Russia (S.I.A.); Department of Chemistry, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan (Y.N.); National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba 305-8566, Japan (S.M.); National Institute of Agribiological Resources, Tsukuba 305-8566, Japan (N.I.); and Department of Biomechanics, School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan (N.M.)
* Corresponding author; email: murata{at}nibb.ac.jp.
Light stress and salt stress are major environmental factors that limit the efficiency of photosynthesis. However, we have found that the effects of light and salt stress on photosystem II (PSII) in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 are completely different. Strong light induced photodamage to PSII, whereas salt stress inhibited the repair of the photodamaged PSII and did not accelerate damage to PSII directly. The combination of light and salt stress appeared to inactivate PSII very rapidly as a consequence of their synergistic effects. Radioactive labeling of cells revealed that salt stress inhibited the synthesis of proteins de novo and, in particular, the synthesis of the D1 protein. Northern- and western-blotting analyses demonstrated that salt stress inhibited the transcription and the translation of psbA genes, which encode D1 protein. DNA microarray analysis indicated that the light-induced expression of various genes was suppressed by salt stress. Thus, our results suggest that salt stress inhibits the repair of PSII via suppression of the activities of the transcriptional and translational machinery.
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