Plant Physiology Preview
Published on January 9, 2003; 10.1104/pp.013094
Received August 22, 2002
Returned for revision September 25, 2002
Accepted October 21, 2002
A Low-Starch Barley Mutant, Risø 16, Lacking the Cytosolic Small Subunit of ADP-Glucose Pyrophosphorylase, Reveals the Importance of the Cytosolic Isoform and the Identity of the PlastidialSmall Subunit
Philip E. Johnson , Nicola J. Patron , Andrew R. Bottrill , Jason R. Dinges , Brendan F. Fahy , Mary L. Parker , Darren N. Waite , and Kay Denyer *
John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norfolk NR4 7UH, United Kingdom (P.E.J., N.J.P., A.R.B., B.F.F., D.N.W., K.D.); Department of Zoology and Genetics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 (J.R.D.); and Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norfolk NR4 7UA, United Kingdom (M.L.P.)
* Corresponding author; email: kay.denyer{at}bbsrc.ac.uk.
To provide information on the roles of the different forms of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) in barley (Hordeum vulgare) endosperm and the nature of the genes encoding their subunits, a mutant of barley, Risø 16, lacking cytosolic AGPase activity in the endosperm was identified. The mutation specifically abolishes the small subunit of the cytosolic AGPase and is attributable to a large deletion within the coding region of a previously characterized small subunit gene that we have called Hv.AGP.S.1. The plastidial AGPase activity in the mutant is unaffected. This shows that the cytosolic and plastidial small subunits of AGPase are encoded by separate genes. We purified the plastidial AGPase protein and, using amino acid sequence information, we identified the novel small subunit gene that encodes this protein. Studies of the Risø 16 mutant revealed the following. First, the reduced starch content of the mutant showed that a cytosolic AGPase is required to achieve the normal rate of starch synthesis. Second, the mutant makes both A- and B-type starch granules, showing that the cytosolic AGPase is not necessary for the synthesis of these two granule types. Third, analysis of the phylogenetic relationships between the various small subunit proteins both within and between species, suggest that the cytosolic AGPase single small subunit gene probably evolved from a leaf single small subunit gene.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
|
|
 
S. Comparot-Moss and K. Denyer
The evolution of the starch biosynthetic pathway in cereals and other grasses
J. Exp. Bot.,
July 1, 2009;
60(9):
2481 - 2492.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. V. Radchuk, L. Borisjuk, N. Sreenivasulu, K. Merx, H.-P. Mock, H. Rolletschek, U. Wobus, and W. Weschke
Spatiotemporal Profiling of Starch Biosynthesis and Degradation in the Developing Barley Grain
Plant Physiology,
May 1, 2009;
150(1):
190 - 204.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Grafahrend-Belau, F. Schreiber, D. Koschutzki, and B. H. Junker
Flux Balance Analysis of Barley Seeds: A Computational Approach to Study Systemic Properties of Central Metabolism
Plant Physiology,
January 1, 2009;
149(1):
585 - 598.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. T. Hamblin, M. G. Salas Fernandez, M. R. Tuinstra, W. L. Rooney, and S. Kresovich
Sequence Variation at Candidate Loci in the Starch Metabolism Pathway in Sorghum: Prospects for Linkage Disequilibrium Mapping
Crop Sci.,
July 16, 2007;
47(S2):
S-125 - S-134.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Georgelis, E. L. Braun, J. R. Shaw, and L. C. Hannah
The Two AGPase Subunits Evolve at Different Rates in Angiosperms, yet They Are Equally Sensitive to Activity-Altering Amino Acid Changes When Expressed in Bacteria
PLANT CELL,
May 1, 2007;
19(5):
1458 - 1472.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Rosti, H. Rudi, K. Rudi, H.-G. Opsahl-Sorteberg, B. Fahy, and K. Denyer
The gene encoding the cytosolic small subunit of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase in barley endosperm also encodes the major plastidial small subunit in the leaves
J. Exp. Bot.,
November 1, 2006;
57(14):
3619 - 3626.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Ohdan, P. B. Francisco Jr, T. Sawada, T. Hirose, T. Terao, H. Satoh, and Y. Nakamura
Expression profiling of genes involved in starch synthesis in sink and source organs of rice
J. Exp. Bot.,
December 1, 2005;
56(422):
3229 - 3244.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Akihiro, K. Mizuno, and T. Fujimura
Gene Expression of ADP-glucose Pyrophosphorylase and Starch Contents in Rice Cultured Cells are Cooperatively Regulated by Sucrose and ABA
Plant Cell Physiol.,
June 1, 2005;
46(6):
937 - 946.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Dian, H. Jiang, and P. Wu
Evolution and expression analysis of starch synthase III and IV in rice
J. Exp. Bot.,
February 1, 2005;
56(412):
623 - 632.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. J. Patron, B. Greber, B. F. Fahy, D. A. Laurie, M. L. Parker, and K. Denyer
The lys5 Mutations of Barley Reveal the Nature and Importance of Plastidial ADP-Glc Transporters for Starch Synthesis in Cereal Endosperm
Plant Physiology,
August 1, 2004;
135(4):
2088 - 2097.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Cross, M. Clancy, J. R. Shaw, T. W. Greene, R. R. Schmidt, T. W. Okita, and L. C. Hannah
Both Subunits of ADP-Glucose Pyrophosphorylase Are Regulatory
Plant Physiology,
May 1, 2004;
135(1):
137 - 144.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
