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Published on January 23, 2003; 10.1104/pp.014712

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Received September 17, 2002
Returned for revision October 22, 2002
Accepted November 3, 2002

Phloem-Localizing Sulfate Transporter, Sultr1;3, Mediates Re-Distribution of Sulfur from Source to Sink Organs in Arabidopsis

Naoko Yoshimoto , Eri Inoue , Kazuki Saito , Tomoyuki Yamaya , and Hideki Takahashi *

RIKEN Plant Science Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan (N.Y., E.I., T.Y., H.T.); Chiba University, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan (N.Y., K.S.); Tohoku University, Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, 1-1 Tsutsumidori-Amamiyamachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-8555, Japan (T.Y.)

* Corresponding author; email: hideki{at}postman.riken.go.jp.

For the effective recycling of nutrients, vascular plants transport pooled inorganic ions and metabolites through the sieve tube. A novel sulfate transporter gene, Sultr1;3, was identified as an essential member contributing to this process for redistribution of sulfur source in Arabidopsis. Sultr1;3 belonged to the family of high-affinity sulfate transporters, and was able to complement the yeast sulfate transporter mutant. The fusion protein of Sultr1;3 and green fluorescent protein was expressed by the Sultr1;3 promoter in transgenic plants, which revealed phloem-specific expression of Sultr1;3 in Arabidopsis. Sultr1;3-green fluorescent protein was found in the sieve element-companion cell complexes of the phloem in cotyledons and roots. Limitation of external sulfate caused accumulation of Sultr1;3 mRNA both in leaves and roots. Movement of 35S-labeled sulfate from cotyledons to the sink organs was restricted in the T-DNA insertion mutant of Sultr1;3. These results provide evidence that Sultr1;3 transporter plays an important role in loading of sulfate to the sieve tube, initiating the source-to-sink translocation of sulfur nutrient in Arabidopsis.




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