Plant Physiology Preview
Published on May 24, 2002; 10.1104/pp.020002
Received January 17, 2002
Returned for revision February 8, 2002
Accepted February 26, 2002
SPINDLY Is a Nuclear-Localized Repressor of Gibberellin Signal
Transduction Expressed throughout the Plant
Stephen M. Swain *, Tong-Seung Tseng , Tina M. Thornton , Manjula Gopalraj , and Neil E. Olszewski
Department of Plant Biology and Plant Molecular Genetics Institute, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108
* Corresponding author; email: Steve.Swain{at}csiro.au.
SPY (SPINDLY) encodes a putative O-linked N-acetyl-glucosamine transferase that is genetically defined as a negatively acting component of the gibberellin (GA) signal transduction pathway. Analysis of Arabidopsis plants containing a SPY::GUS reporter gene reveals that SPY is expressed throughout the life of the plant and in most plant organs examined. In addition to being expressed in all organs where phenotypes due to spy mutations have been reported, SPY::GUS is expressed in the root. Examination of the roots of wild-type, spy, and gai plants revealed phenotypes indicating that SPY and GAI play a role in root development. A second SPY::GUS reporter gene lacking part of the SPY promoter was inactive, suggesting that sequences in the first exon and/or intron are required for detectable expression. Using both subcellular fractionation and visualization of a SPY-green fluorescent protein fusion protein that is able to rescue the spy mutant phenotype, the majority of SPY protein was shown to be present in the nucleus. This result is consistent with the nuclear localization of other components of the GA response pathway and suggests that SPY's role as a negative regulator of GA signaling involves interaction with other nuclear proteins and/or O-N-acetyl-glucosamine modification of these proteins.
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