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Published on February 27, 2003; 10.1104/pp.102.011122

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Received July 10, 2002
Returned for revision October 7, 2002
Accepted December 31, 2002

The Medicago Species A2-Type Cyclin Is Auxin Regulated and Involved in Meristem Formation But Dispensable for Endoreduplication-Associated Developmental Programs

François Roudier , Elena Fedorova , Manuel Lebris , Phillippe Lecomte , Janos Györgyey , Daniele Vaubert , Gabor Horvath , Pierre Abad , Adam Kondorosi , and Eva Kondorosi *

Institut des Sciences du Végétal, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Propre de Recherche 2355, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France (F.R., E.F., J.G., D.V., G.H., A.K., E.K.); and Unité Interactions Plantes Microorganismes et Santé Végétale, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Boite Postale 2078, 06606 Antibes cedex, France (M.L., P.L., P.A.)

* Corresponding author; email: Eva.Kondorosi{at}isv.cnrs-gif.fr.

Phytohormones as well as temporal and spatial regulation of the cell cycle play a key role in plant development. Here, we investigated the function and regulation of an alfalfa (Medicago sativa) A2-type cyclin in three distinct root developmental programs: in primary and secondary root development, nodule development, and nematode-elicited gall formation. Using transgenic plants carrying the Medsa;cycA2;2 promoter-{beta}-glucuronidase gene fusion, in combination with other techniques, cycA2;2 expression was localized in meristems and proliferating cells in the lateral root and nodule primordia. Rapid induction of cycA2;2 by Nod factors demonstrated that this gene is implicated in cell cycle activation of differentiated cells developing to nodule primordia. Surprisingly, cycA2;2 was repressed in the endoreduplicating, division-arrested cells both during nodule development and formation of giant cells in nematode-induced galls, indicating that CycA2;2 was dispensable for S-phase in endoreduplication cycles. Overexpression of cycA2;2 in transgenic plants corresponded to wild type protein levels and had no apparent phenotype. In contrast, antisense expression of cycA2;2 halted regeneration of somatic embryos, suggesting a role for CycA2;2 in the formation or activity of apical meristems. Expression of cycA2;2 was up-regulated by auxins, as expected from the presence of auxin response elements in the promoter. Moreover, auxin also affected the spatial expression pattern of this cyclin by shifting the cycA2;2 expression from the phloem to the xylem poles.




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